Atomic properties of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Lu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math>

Páez, Eduardo; Arnold, K. J.; Hajiyev, Elnur; Porsev, S. G.; Dzuba, V. A.; Safronova, U. I.; Safronova, M. S.; Barrett, M. D.

doi:10.1103/physreva.93.042112

Cited by 30 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The branching ratio β was measured previously in 175 Lu + and reported to be 0.1862 (17) [9]. It has been remeasured in 176 Lu + (see Supplemental Material) and the same value was found with comparable uncertainty, β = 0.1862 (13).…”

Section: Shelvesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In Table IV we compare the absolute values of the reduced matrix elements 5d6s 3 D 1 ||r||6s6p 3 P 0,1 obtained in this work with current experimental results and the values obtained in the framework of the CI+LCCSD approximation in Ref. [9]. We find that the inclusion of the non-linear and triple terms into consideration significantly improved the agreement between the theoretical and experimental values.…”

Section: Polarizability Measurement Results and Comparison With Thsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The assignment of theoretical uncertainties is as discussed in Ref. [9]. As seen from the table, there is a good agreement between theory and experiment, though the experimental accuracy is better.…”

Section: Polarizability Measurement Results and Comparison With Thmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Dynamic polarizability measurements with Lu+176

et al. 2019

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We measure the differential polarizability of the 176 Lu + 1 S0 ↔ 3 D1 clock transition at multiple wavelengths. This experimentally characterizes the differential dynamic polarizability for frequencies up to 372 THz and allows an experimental determination of the dynamic correction to the blackbody radiation shift for the clock transition. In addition, measurements at the near resonant wavelengths of 598 and 646 nm determine the two dominant contributions to the differential dynamic polarizability below 372 THz. These additional measurements are carried out by two independent methods to verify the validity of our methodology. We also carry out a theoretical calculation of the polarizabilities using the hybrid method that combines the configuration interaction (CI) and the coupled-cluster approaches, incorporating for the first time quadratic non-linear terms and partial triple excitations in the coupled-cluster calculations. The experimental measurements of the | 3 D1||r|| 3 PJ | matrix elements provide high-precision benchmarks for this theoretical approach.

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Section: Shelvesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Polarizability Measurement Results and Comparison With Thsupporting

confidence: 54%

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Dynamic polarizability measurements with Lu+176

et al. 2019

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“…As the laser improves, it approaches the quantum projection noise limit of the 400Ca + ions and the gain is reduced. Even higher gain can be obtained from larger crystals or reference atoms with narrower linewidth than Ca + , such as Lu 176 + [27,36], Sr 88 + [80,81], or Ba 138 + [82,83]. Our scheme works in the same way for other atomic species, however, the contribution of the different broadening mechanisms Table 1.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative approach based on large 3d Coulomb crystals of ions has been theoretically investigated [27] for ion species for which the micromotion-induced Doppler shift and the scalar ac Stark shift, both driven by the rf trapping field, can be made to cancel at a 'magic' rf drive frequency [30]. This cancellation has been employed for single Sr + [34], single Ca + [35], and is currently being investigated for Lu + [27,36,37]. However, electronic states with J>1/2 are subject to rank 2 tensor shifts, such as rf electric field-induced tensor ac Stark shift (TASS) and QPS [30,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust optical clock transitions in trapped ions using dynamical decoupling

et al. 2019

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We present a novel method for engineering an optical clock transition that is robust against external field fluctuations and is able to overcome limits resulting from field inhomogeneities. The technique is based on the application of continuous driving fields to form a pair of dressed states essentially free of all relevant shifts. Specifically, the clock transition is robust to magnetic field shifts, quadrupole and other tensor shifts, and amplitude fluctuations of the driving fields. The scheme is applicable to either a single ion or an ensemble of ions, and is relevant for several types of ions, such as Ca 40 + , Sr 88 + , Ba 138 + and Lu 176 + . Taking a spherically symmetric Coulomb crystal formed by 400 Ca 40 + ions as an example, we show through numerical simulations that the inhomogeneous linewidth of tens of Hertz in such a crystal together with linear Zeeman shifts of order 10MHz are reduced to form a linewidth of around 1Hz. We estimate a twoorder-of-magnitude reduction in averaging time compared to state-of-the art single ion frequency references, assuming a probe laser fractional instability of 10 15 -. Furthermore, a statistical uncertainty reaching 2.9×10 −16 in 1s is estimated for a cascaded clock scheme in which the dynamically decoupled Coulomb crystal clock stabilizes the interrogation laser for an Al 27 + clock.- [3,22,23]. The statistical uncertainty can be improved by probing for longer times, ultimately limited by the excited clock state lifetime or the laser coherence time [24,25]. Alternatively, the number of probed ions can be increased.Recently, multi-ion clock schemes have been proposed to address this issue [26][27][28][29]. However, several challenges have to be overcome to maintain and transfer the small and very well characterizable systematic shifts achievable with single trapped ions to larger ion crystals. The oscillating rf field in Paul traps results in ac Stark and second order Doppler shifts through micromotion [30][31][32]. Furthermore, electric field gradients from the trapping fields and the surrounding ions couple to atomic quadrupole moments, resulting in an electric quadrupole shift (QPS). The effects of micromotion can be avoided by trapping strings of ions in a precisionmachined linear Paul trap with negligible excess micromotion from trap imperfections [28,33]. The QPS in such Q 0 m J J J m , J j å = =-[67]. Such an average will also eliminate the linear Zeeman shift, assuming the field does not change between the frequency measurements contributing to the average. We propose a novel dynamical decoupling scheme in which robustness to this type of shifts is achieved by the application of a detuned driving field, mixing all m J states to form dressed states with effective Q 0 J m , j = . While the cancellation scheme is general and applies to tensor shifts of arbitrary electronic states, we consider in the following the Hamiltonian of the D 2 5 2 states of e.g.Ca + ions 2 1 , 1 0 J J 2

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Blackbody radiation shift assessment for a lutetium ion clock

et al. 2018

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The accuracy of state-of-the-art atomic clocks is derived from the insensitivity of narrow optical atomic resonances to environmental perturbations. Two such resonances in singly ionized lutetium have been identified with potentially lower sensitivities compared to other clock candidates. Here we report measurement of the most significant unknown atomic property of both transitions, the static differential scalar polarizability. From this, the fractional blackbody radiation shift for one of the transitions is found to be −1.36(9) × 10−18 at 300 K, the lowest of any established optical atomic clock. In consideration of leading systematic effects common to all ion clocks, both transitions compare favorably to the most accurate ion-based clocks reported to date. This work firmly establishes Lu+ as a promising candidate for a future generation of more accurate optical atomic clocks.

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Atomic properties ofLu+

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Dynamic polarizability measurements with Lu+176

Dynamic polarizability measurements with Lu+176

Robust optical clock transitions in trapped ions using dynamical decoupling

Blackbody radiation shift assessment for a lutetium ion clock

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