Atomic-level passivation mechanism of ammonium salts enabling highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Alharbi, Essa A.; Alyamani, Ahmed Y.; Kubicki, Dominik; Uhl, Alexander R.; Walder, Brennan J.; Alanazi, Anwar Q.; Luo, Jingshan; Burgos‐Caminal, Andrés; Albadri, Abdulrahman M.; Albrithen, Hamad; Alotaibi, Mohammad Hayal; Moser, Jacques‐E.; Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.; Giordano, Fabrizio; Emsley, Lyndon; Grätzel, Michaël

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10985-5

Cited by 299 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The growth planes of 2D perovskites are primarily parallel to the substrate so the design of some new organic bulky cations with enhanced out‐plane charge transport will promote the efficiency of 2D‐modified 3D PSCs . Imidazolium iodide was applied to the post‐treatment to form an 1D capping layer with increased performance and stability …”

Section: Progress On Additive‐assisted Interface Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang

Zhu

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

559

451

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached a certified 25.2% efficiency in 2019 due to their high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, long diffusion length, and tunable direct bandgap. However, due to the nature of solution processing and rapid crystal growth of perovskite thin films, a variety of defects can form as a result of the precursor compositions and processing conditions. The use of additives can affect perovskite crystallization and film formation, defect passivation in the bulk and/or at the surface, as well as influence the interface tuning of structure and energetics. Here, recent progress in additive engineering during perovskite film formation is discussed according to the following common categories: Lewis acid (e.g., metal cations, fullerene derivatives), Lewis base based on the donor type (e.g., O‐donor, S‐donor, and N‐donor), ammonium salts, low‐dimensional perovskites, and ionic liquid. Various additive‐assisted strategies for interface optimization are then summarized; additives include modifiers to improve electron‐ and hole‐transport layers as well as those to modify perovskite surface properties. Finally, an outlook is provided on research trends with respect to additive engineering in PSC development.

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Section: Progress On Additive‐assisted Interface Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang

Zhu

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

559

451

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“…However, detailed IMVS analysis on charge recombination process under open circuit conditions has been much less considered in literature reports on hematite photoanodes. However, Grätzel and co‐workers have demonstrated applying IMVS to other solar energy conversion devices, for instance, Grätzel cells, perovskite solar cells and organic photocathodes . Despite its successful application in a number of solar cell systems, the number of reports that employ IMVS in the field of solar fuel production is still limited .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Grätzel and co‐workers have demonstrated applying IMVS to other solar energy conversion devices, for instance, Grätzel cells, perovskite solar cells and organic photocathodes . Despite its successful application in a number of solar cell systems, the number of reports that employ IMVS in the field of solar fuel production is still limited . With the aim of further advancing the understanding of recombination processes in the IMVS response, we present herein a focused study using IMVS on hematite photoanodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Surface Recombination Processes Using Intensity‐Modulated Photovoltage Spectroscopy on Hematite Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting

Liu

Guijarro

Sivula

2020

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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Converting solar energy into hydrogen through photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting offers a promising route towards a fully renewable energy economy. A fundamental understanding of photogenerated charge recombination processes in semiconducting photoelectrodes is a key consideration in optimizing solar water splitting cells and intensity‐modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) has recently emerged as a promising technique for gaining new insight. However, the interpretation of IMVS data under various conditions (that is, when photoelectrodes are in sacrificial electrolytes or employ catalytic overlayers) is not complete. Using IMVS data we present herein an analysis of charge recombination processes under open circuit conditions on a model photoanode system: nanostructured hematite. Employing two sacrificial oxidation conditions compared to standard water oxidation conditions, our IMVS results establish a direct correlation between surface recombination processes and the low frequency IMVS response. We found that surface intermediate states for water oxidation under open circuit condition exhibit a lifetime of 229 ms under standard illumination conditions. Applying a nickel iron oxide overlayer also gives insight into surface passivation effects through IMVS analysis of photoanode system.

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“…The BA cation has been used to produce 2D/3D perovskite structures, but there has been a broad statistic of PCEs depending on the chemical composition and processing methods of the thin films . The EA cation, with a shorter alkyl chain, has been reported as surface passivation molecule and directly within multication 3D perovskites . Nevertheless, the conditions which determine how this molecule should be used are yet to be studied more thoroughly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells

Kim

Figueroa-Tapia

Prato

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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The intrinsic instability of lead halide perovskite semiconductors in an ambient atmosphere is one of the most critical issues that impedes perovskite solar cell commercialization. To overcome it, the use of bulky organic spacers has emerged as a promising solution. The resulting perovskite thin films present complex morphologies, difficult to predict, which can directly affect the device efficiency. Here, by combining in‐depth morphological and spectroscopic characterization, it is shown that both the ionic size and the relative concentration of the organic cation, drive the integration of bulky organic cations into the crystal unit cell and the thin film, inducing different perovskite phases and different vertical distribution, then causing a significant change in the final thin film morphology. Based on these studies, a fine‐engineered perovskite is constructed by employing two different large cations, namely, ethyl ammonium and butyl ammonium. The first one takes part in the 3D perovskite phase formation, the second one works as a surface modifier by forming a passivating layer on top of the thin film. Together they lead to improved photovoltaic performance and device stability when tested in air under continuous illumination. These findings propose a general approach to achieve reliability in perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices.

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Atomic-level passivation mechanism of ammonium salts enabling highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Cited by 299 publications

References 36 publications

Additive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Additive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Understanding Surface Recombination Processes Using Intensity‐Modulated Photovoltage Spectroscopy on Hematite Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting

Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells

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