Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of nanoscale plate-shaped second phase particles

Sobchenko, Ihor; Pešička, Josef; Baither, D.; Stracke, Werner; Pretorius, Thomas; Chi, Lifeng; Reichelt, Rudolf; Nembach, E.

doi:10.1080/14786430701203184

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…It is emphasized that the γ-plates in Ni 69 Co 9 Al 18 Ti 4 had neither the shape of flat cylinders, nor of flat cuboids, nor of flat standard ellipsoids, but that they could be very well described as superellipsoids with n=k=3 [3]. In the case of plate-shaped particles, etching along one of the two longer axes must be distinguished from etching along the short axis, i.e.…”

Section: Crystal Structures and Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This equation describes a superellipsoid [3,12,13]. The parameters α, β, n, and k determine its shape.…”

Section: Crystal Structures and Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This holds with few exceptions for optical as well as for atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) [2][3][4]; also in scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) [3,4] etching is helpful. Three of the few cases for which no etching is needed, are: optical interference microscopy [5], some rare cases of AFM [2], and magnetic force microscopy of ferromagnetic materials [3]. Chemical and electrolytic etching procedures take advantage of the fact that different phases are dissolved at different rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the progress of quantitative AFM and SEM characterizations of nano-scale plate-shaped coherent precipitates of the disordered γ-phase in an L1 2 -long range ordered γ'-matrix, the need arose to relate the size of the etch-pits left behind by the etched away parts of the γ-precipitates to their actual dimensions [3]. The overall chemical composition of the material was Ni 69 Co 9 Al 18 Ti 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…twin-jet electrolytic polishing [3]. Without any further preparation specific to the applied microscope, the same foils were studied by AFM, SEM, and TEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of the metallographic etching process of second-phase particles

Sobchenko

Baither

Reichelt

et al. 2010

Philosophical Magazine

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Section: Crystal Structures and Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This equation describes a superellipsoid [3,12,13]. The parameters α, β, n, and k determine its shape.…”

Section: Crystal Structures and Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…twin-jet electrolytic polishing [3]. Without any further preparation specific to the applied microscope, the same foils were studied by AFM, SEM, and TEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modeling and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of the metallographic etching process of second-phase particles

Sobchenko

Baither

Reichelt

et al. 2010

Philosophical Magazine

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Microscopy and Microanalysis of Individual Collected Particles

Fletcher

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Anderson

et al. 2011

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Fine‐Tuning Active Layer Morphology via Modification of Both Side Chains and Terminal Groups toward High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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Significant breakthroughs of organic solar cells (OSCs) technology, with advantages of flexibility and lightweight, have been witnessed since Y-series nonfullerene acceptors and their derivatives came out. [1] Owing to easily tuned frontier energy levels and strong light absorption, extensive research attention has been paid to the design and synthesis of new nonfullerene acceptors. So far, single-junction OSCs have achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) surpassing 19%. [2] Therefore, it is promising for OSCs to meet the demand of the future practical applications, such as power generating windows and wearable devices.In general, acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecule acceptors (SMAs) were fabricated with a multifused electron-rich core and two electrondeficient end-groups, like ITIC [3] as well as INIC. [4] The polycyclic aromatic moieties play a key role in a rigid conjugated backbone plane and the strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), which is beneficial to broaden the sunlight absorption in the visible, even the near-infrared (NIR) regions. Although the fused-ring core is a critical prerequisite for constructing highly efficient A-D-A-type nonfullerene acceptors, complex synthetic routes and expensive costs substantially limit its further applications in large-area fabrications. Consequently, nonfused-core-based electron acceptors (NCAs), usually with simplified steps and lower synthetic costs, may offer a credible alternative to balance the cost and efficiency. For example, Hou and his coworkers reported a new acceptor coded A4T-16, [5] which achieved PCE of 15.2% after blended with polymer PBDB-TF, demonstrating that fully unfused acceptors could achieve a compromise between high efficiency and low cost.By contrast, acceptor-donor-π-donor-acceptor (A-D-π-D-A) or acceptor-donor-acceptor 0 -donor-acceptor (A-D-A 0 -D-A) structure is more frequently employed in molecular design of efficient NCAs. [6] Instead of extending the π-conjugated core by increasing the arene number, the unfused-core (D-π-D or D-A 0 -D) connected by rotatable single bonds could obtain large conjugation lengths and excellent backbone planarity with the assistance of various conformational locks, like S•••O, [6b,6c] S•••N, [7] and so on.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of nanoscale plate-shaped second phase particles

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Modeling and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of the metallographic etching process of second-phase particles

Modeling and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of the metallographic etching process of second-phase particles

Microscopy and Microanalysis of Individual Collected Particles

Fine‐Tuning Active Layer Morphology via Modification of Both Side Chains and Terminal Groups toward High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells

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