Atmospheric emissivity with clear sky computed by E-Trans/HITRAN

Mendoza, V. M.; Villanueva, E. E.; Garduño, René; Sánchez-Meneses, Óscar

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.01.048

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…An alternative calculation of this net cooling radiative heat flux would require estimating the flux emitted by the panel up to around 50 μ m -instead of that transmitted by the clear sky atmosphere- and subtracting the flux emitted by the atmosphere towards the Earth (which is not a straightforward task as it depends on both atmospheric temperature and composition profiles, see e.g. 27 ) and possibly by the surroundings, and absorbed by the panel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics

Vaillon

Dupré

Cal

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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To improve the performance of solar photovoltaic devices one should mitigate three types of losses: optical, electrical and thermal. However, further reducing the optical and electrical losses in modern photovoltaic devices is becoming increasingly costly. Therefore, there is a rising interest in minimizing the thermal losses. These correspond to the reduction in electrical power output resultant of working at temperatures above 25 °C and the associated accelerated aging. Here, we quantify the impact of all possible strategies to mitigate thermal losses in the case of the mainstream crystalline silicon technology. Results indicate that ensuring a minimum level of conductive/convective cooling capabilities is essential. We show that sub-bandgap reflection and radiative cooling are strategies worth pursuing and recommend further field testing in real-time operating conditions. The general method we propose is suitable for every photovoltaic technology to guide the research focused on reducing thermal losses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics

Vaillon

Dupré

Cal

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…TCM uses a linear profile for in the troposphere with a lapse rate ( ) constant; however, to facilitate the integration of Eq. ( 6 ), we used, as in Mendoza et al 26 , an exponential profile for and , in this way: with the surface values and , and …”

Section: Second Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of climate change between cloud cover, atmospheric temperature and humidity

Mendoza

Pazos

Garduño

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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On a global and annual average, we find a parameterization in which the cloud cover increase is proportional to the mid tropospheric temperature increase, with a negative proportionality factor. If the relative humidity is conserved throughout the troposphere, a 1 °C heating (cooling) of the mid troposphere, decreases (increases) the cloud cover by 1.5 percentage points (pp). But if the relative humidity is not conserved, then the cloud cover decreases (increases) by 7.6 pp. If the shortwave reflection effect of the cloud cover is dominant on a global scale, this parameterization leads to a predominant positive feedback: if the temperature increases like in the current climate change, the cloud cover decreases and more solar radiation reaches the surface increasing the temperature even more. The contribution of the present work consists in finding that the negative sign of the proportionality factor is due to the Clausius–Clapeyron equation; that is, to the magnitude of the derivative of the saturation vapor pressure at the typical standard surface temperature of 288 K. The negative sign of the factor is independent on the conservation or non-conservation of relative humidity in the troposphere under climate change.

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“…If the surface atmospheric average pressure is ~ 6.4 mb, then according to 17, p e = 3.2 mb. However, we can increase artificially the equivalent gas pressure of the emission layer while keeping constant the gas mass U CO 2 , under the hypothesis that its emissivity depends basically on the number of molecules (optical path) in the layer, just as we did previously for the stratospheric layer of O 3 on Earth (Mendoza et al, 2017). Then, if U CO 2 is constant, (18) implies that:…”

Section: Temperature Pressure and Densitymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The atmospheric emissivity has been found using the E-Trans/HITRAN (E-Trans is a commercial software available at http://www.jcdpublishing.com/ about.html) with the HITRAN database version 2004 (Rothman et al, 2005). E-Trans/HITRAN was used successfully for the Earth atmosphere (Mendoza et al, 2017) and now is applied to the Mars atmosphere. When an atmospheric layer is non-isothermal (nor isobaric), E-Trans/HITRAN needs the equivalent temperature and pressure for each component.…”

Section: Temperature Pressure and Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic simulation of the seasonal cycle of temperature, pressure and ice caps on Mars

Mendoza

Garduño

et al. 2020

ATM

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We present a thermodynamic model to simulate the atmospheric temperature and pressure, the regolith temperature and the polar CO 2 ice caps vertical thickness and horizontal extent of Mars. This is done using the temperatures of the atmosphere and regolith for each Martian day of the year, determined from the thermodynamic equation. Assuming a CO 2 atmosphere, we calculate its emission spectrum using the spectral calculator E-Trans with the HITRAN database (E-Trans/HITRAN), resulting in only a band at 15 mm and the rest transparent, through which the radiation emitted by the regolith and ice caps (considered as black bodies) goes toward space. We also include the solar radiation extinction and longwave emission of atmospheric dust. The equation calculates the energy balance between the absorbed solar radiation and the outgoing longwave radiation, incorporating also the latent heat released by CO 2 condensation, the sensible heat flux from the surface to the atmosphere, the latent heat flux due to the CO 2 ice sublimation and the heat exchange between the surface regolith layer and its lower layers. The atmospheric planetary scale horizontal turbulent heat transport is parameterized with an exchange coefficient, which is an order of magnitude smaller than that employed in the terrestrial troposphere. Considering a long-time average, the regolith vertical temperature profile is explicitly found using the thermal inertia including conductivity; its temperature regulation is achieved through the thermal conduction from the surface during the warm season. This stored energy goes back to the surface during the cold season. Our model simulates the seasonal variation of the polar ice caps and consequently of the surface atmospheric pressure through the CO 2 mass balance between them. Finally, it is explicitly shown that the amplitude of the global seasonal pressure cycle is modulated by a local thermal-orographic effect, which increases (decreases) this amplitude in the low (high) regions, which agrees with the observations of the Viking Landers 1 and 2, and the Mars Climate Data Base. Our prediction for Hellas Planitia gives an amplification factor of up to 2.15, coinciding with other authors.

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Atmospheric emissivity with clear sky computed by E-Trans/HITRAN

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics

Thermodynamics of climate change between cloud cover, atmospheric temperature and humidity

Thermodynamic simulation of the seasonal cycle of temperature, pressure and ice caps on Mars

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