Atmospheric and oceanic impacts of Antarctic glaciation across the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Kennedy-Asser, Alan T.; Farnsworth, Alexander; Lunt, Daniel J.; Lear, C. H.; Markwick, Paul J.

doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0419

Cited by 51 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…As such, HadCM3BL has been used exten-sively for our pre-Quaternary climate modelling work (e.g. Marzocchi et al, 2015b;Bradshaw et al, 2015;Kennedy et al, 2015;Loptson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Hadcm3blmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Understanding natural and anthropogenic climate change processes involves using computational models that represent the main components of the Earth system: the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface. These models have become increasingly computationally expensive as resolution is increased and more complex process representations are included. However, to gain robust insight into how climate may respond to a given forcing, and to meaningfully quantify the associated uncertainty, it is often required to use either or both ensemble approaches and very long integrations. For this reason, more computationally efficient models can be very valuable tools. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the suite of climate models based around the HadCM3 coupled general circulation model. This model was developed at the UK Met Office and has been heavily used during the last 15 years for a range of future (and past) climate change studies, but has now been largely superseded for many scientific studies by more recently developed models. However, it continues to be extensively used by various institutions, including the BRIDGE (Bristol Research Initiative for the Dynamic Global Environment) research group at the University of Bristol, who have made modest adaptations to the base HadCM3 model over time. These adaptations mean that the original documentation is not entirely representative, and several other relatively undocumented configurations are in use. We therefore describe the key features of a number of configurations of the HadCM3 climate model family, which together make up HadCM3@Bristol version 1.0. In order to differentiate variants that have undergone development at BRIDGE, we have introduced the letter B into the model nomenclature. We include descriptions of the atmosphere-only model (HadAM3B), the coupled model with a low-resolution ocean (HadCM3BL), the high-resolution atmosphere-only model (HadAM3BH), and the regional model (HadRM3B). These also include three versions of the land surface scheme. By comparing withPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. observational datasets, we show that these models produce a good representation of many aspects of the climate system, including the land and sea surface temperatures, precipitation, ocean circulation, and vegetation. This evaluation, combined with the relatively fast computational speed (up to 1000 times faster than some CMIP6 models), motivates continued development and scientific use of the HadCM3B family of coupled climate models, predominantly for quantifying uncertainty and for long multi-millennial-scale simulations.

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“…As such, HadCM3BL has been used exten-sively for our pre-Quaternary climate modelling work (e.g. Marzocchi et al, 2015b;Bradshaw et al, 2015;Kennedy et al, 2015;Loptson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Hadcm3blmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

et al. 2017

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“…5 Some recent climate model studies have used reconstructions of late Eocene and early Oligocene topography for their control runs (Kennedy et al, 2015;Ladant et al, 2014;Lefebvre et al, 2012;Lunt et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2010). Kennedy et al (2015) found that when an ice sheet is placed over Antarctica, the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean surface warms significantly when the Tasman 10 Seaway is constricted as in the late Eocene, whereas when the Tasman Seaway is wider as in the early Oligocene, there is instead a weak cooling. These results contrast with Goldner et al (2014), who found a strong cooling of the Southern Ocean in response to Antarctic glaciation, albeit with an early Eocene paleogeography.…”

Section: Hypotheses 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate sensitivity and meridional overturning circulation in the late Eocene using GFDL CM2.1

Hutchinson¹,

Boer²,

Coxall³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Most recent modelling studies focussed on reconstructing either early Eocene extreme (Huber and Caballero,65 2011; Lunt et al, 2012;Herold et al, 2014) or the latest Eocene -early Oligocene (Hill et al, 2013;Ladant et al, 2014;Kennedy et al, 2015) conditions. Both proxies and especially model results are relatively scarce for the middle-late Eocene considered here (Bartonian and Priabonian ∼41.2-…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium state and sensitivity of the simulated middle-to-late Eocene climate

Baatsen

Heydt

Huber

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. While the early Eocene has been considered in many modelling studies, detailed simulations of the middle and late Eocene climate are currently scarce. To understand Antarctic glaciation at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (∼34Ma) as well as middle Eocene warmth, it is vital to have an adequate reconstruction of the middle-to-late Eocene climate. Here, we present a set of high resolution coupled climate simulations using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1. 5Two middle-to-late Eocene cases are considered with new detailed 38Ma geographical boundary conditions with a different radiative forcing. With 4x pre-industrial concentrations of CO 2 (i.e. 1120 ppm) and CH 4 (∼2700 ppb), the equilibrium sea surface temperatures correspond well to available late middle Eocene (42-38 Ma) proxies. Being generally cooler, the simulated climate with 2x pre-industrial values is a good analog for that of the late Eocene (38-34 Ma). Deep water forma-10 tion occurs in the South Pacific Ocean, while the North Atlantic is strongly stratified and virtually stagnant. A shallow and weak circumpolar current is present in the Southern Ocean with only minor effects on southward oceanic heat transport within wind-driven gyres. Terrestrial temperature proxies, although limited in coverage, also indicate that the results presented here are realistic. The reconstructed 38Ma climate has a reduced equator-to-pole temperature gradient and a more sym-15 metric meridional heat distribution compared to the pre-industrial reference. Climate sensitivity is similar (∼0.7• C/Wm 2 ) to that of the present-day climate (∼0. for a 6-7• C offset between pre-industrial and 38Ma Eocene boundary conditions. These 38Ma sim-1

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Atmospheric and oceanic impacts of Antarctic glaciation across the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Cited by 51 publications

References 54 publications

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

Climate sensitivity and meridional overturning circulation in the late Eocene using GFDL CM2.1

Equilibrium state and sensitivity of the simulated middle-to-late Eocene climate

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