Atmospheric aging increases the cytotoxicity of bare soot particles in BEAS-2B lung cells

Pardo, Michal; Czech, Hendryk; Offer, Svenja; Sklorz, Martin; Bucchianico, Sebastiano Di; Hartner, Elena; Pantzke, Jana; Kuhn, Evelyn M.; Paul, Andreas; Ziehm, Till; Zhang, Zhihui; Jakobi, Gert; Bauer, Stefanie; Huber, Ambros; Zimmermann, Elias J.; Rastak, Narges; Binder, Stefanie Petrou; Brejcha, Ramona; Schneider, Eric D.; Orasche, Jürgen; Rüger, Christopher P.; Gröger, Thomas; Oeder, Sebastian; Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen; Hohaus, Thorsten; Kalberer, Markus; Sippula, Olli; Kiendler‐Scharr, Astrid; Zimmermann, Ralf; Rudich, Yinon

doi:10.1080/02786826.2023.2178878

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 38 Photochemical aging of primary particles can also increase or decrease toxicity, depending on sources and oxidation conditions. 66 , 67 In one such study, the aging of smoke from mixed fuels decreased its mutagenicity as well as its PAH content, suggesting that aromaticity could drive toxicity. 68 Here, when the photochemical age is above 3 days, the carbon yield decreases in PSOA and GSOA ( Figure S8 ), suggesting that fragmentation reactions prevail over functionalization reactions 69 for both Phc-SOA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

Fang,

Lai,

Dongmei Cai

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phenolic compounds are largely emitted from biomass burning (BB) and have a significant potential to form SOA (Phc-SOA). However, the toxicological properties of Phc-SOA remain unclear. In this study, phenol and guaiacol were chosen as two representative phenolic gases in BB plumes, and the toxicological properties of water-soluble components of their SOA generated under different photochemical ages and NO x levels were investigated. Phenolic compounds contribute greatly to the oxidative potential (OP) of biomass-burning SOA. OH-adducts of guaiacol (e.g., 2-methoxyhydroquinone) were identified as components of guaiacol SOA (GSOA) with high OP. The addition of nitro groups to 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, a surrogate quinone compound in Phc-SOA, increased its OP. The toxicity of both phenol SOA (PSOA) and GSOA in vitro in human alveolar epithelial cells decreased with aging in terms of both cell death and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), possibly due to more ring-opening products with relatively low toxicity. The influence of NO x was consistent between cell death and cellular ROS for GSOA but not for PSOA, indicating that cellular ROS production does not necessarily represent all processes contributing to cell death caused by PSOA. Combining different acellular and cellular assays can provide a comprehensive understanding of aerosol toxicological properties.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

Fang,

Lai,

Dongmei Cai

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At PM 2.5 exposure levels of 50 μg, the industrial–source samples caused relatively high levels of cellular DNA damage. A study has shown that the exposure of cells to fresh and aged smoke particles at the air–liquid interface could induce an increase in the DNA damage levels in cells, and the toxicity of aged smoke particles was stronger [ 37 ]. In this study, under acute exposure conditions at the air–liquid interface, the traffic–source PM 2.5 induced the highest levels of γ–H2AX and DNA damage in cells, the industrial–source PM 2.5 had a higher degree of DNA damage in cells, and the residential–source PM 2.5 had the lowest impact on the DNA damage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cytotoxic Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) from Different Sources at the Air–Liquid Interface Exposure on A549 Cells

Yan,

Ge,

et al. 2023

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The health of humans has been negatively impacted by PM2.5 exposure, but the chemical composition and toxicity of PM2.5 might vary depending on its source. To investigate the toxic effects of particulate matter from different sources on lung epithelial cells (A549), PM2.5 samples were collected from residential, industrial, and transportation areas in Nanjing, China. The chemical composition of PM2.5 was analyzed, and toxicological experiments were conducted. The A549 cells were exposed using an air–liquid interface (ALI) exposure system, and the cytotoxic indicators of the cells were detected. The research results indicated that acute exposure to different sources of particulate matter at the air–liquid interface caused damage to the cells, induced the production of ROS, caused apoptosis, inflammatory damage, and DNA damage, with a dose–effect relationship. The content of heavy metals and PAHs in PM2.5 from the traffic source was relatively high, and the toxic effect of the traffic–source samples on the cells was higher than that of the industrial– and residential–source samples. The cytotoxicity of particulate matter was mostly associated with water–soluble ions, carbon components, heavy metals, PAHs, and endotoxin, based on the analysis of the Pearson correlation. Oxidative stress played an important role in PM2.5–induced biological toxicity.

show abstract

“…Incomplete combustion results in the formation of soot particles predominantly composed of black carbon, accompanied by minor carbonaceous and inorganic constituents, which are closely intertwined with particle formation, growth, and aging processes. − The combustion conditions, including fuel type, combustion state, and oxygen availability, significantly impact the production and properties of soot particles. , Numerous studies have examined the physicochemical properties and health implications of black carbon and organic compounds present in fresh and aged soot particles. − However, there is currently no consensus regarding the toxicity of soot and the effects of different oxidation states and critical compounds that contribute to particle toxicity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Oxidation States of Soot Organics on the Metabolome of Human-Lung Cells (A549): Implications for Vehicle Fuel Selection

Wang,

Wen,

Yan

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decades of research have established the toxicity of soot particles resulting from incomplete combustion. However, the unique chemical compounds responsible for adverse health effects have remained uncertain. This study utilized mass spectrometry to analyze the chemical composition of extracted soot organics at three oxidation states, aiming to establish quantitative relationships between potentially toxic chemicals and their impact on human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) through metabolomics-based evaluations. Targeted analysis using MS/MS indicated that particles with a medium oxidation state contained the highest total abundance of compounds, particularly oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) composed of fused benzene rings and unsaturated carbonyls, which may cause oxidative stress, characterized by the upregulation of three specific metabolites. Further investigation focused on three specific OPAH standards: 1,4-naphthoquinone, 9fluorenone, and anthranone. Pathway analysis indicated that exposure to these compounds affected transcriptional functions, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell proliferation, and the oxidative stress response. Biodiesel combustion emissions had higher concentrations of PAHs, OPAHs, and nitrogen-containing PAHs (NPAHs) compared with other fuels. Quinones and 9,10-anthraquinone were identified as the dominant compounds within the OPAH category. This knowledge enhances our understanding of the compounds contributing to adverse health effects observed in epidemiological studies and highlights the role of aerosol composition in toxicity.

show abstract

Atmospheric aging increases the cytotoxicity of bare soot particles in BEAS-2B lung cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 95 publications

Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

The Cytotoxic Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) from Different Sources at the Air–Liquid Interface Exposure on A549 Cells

Influence of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Oxidation States of Soot Organics on the Metabolome of Human-Lung Cells (A549): Implications for Vehicle Fuel Selection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About