Atlas of the World's Deserts

Harris, Nathaniel

doi:10.4324/9780203491669

Cited by 7 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…One way, on which we elaborate here, would posit that the two are, in many ways, fundamentally incompatible. With this reasoning, political-demographic considerations lead to a policy of populating the peripheral region with "friendly" populations; it often encourages a distinct land-use pattern of strategically placed, dispersed, low-density settlement, which maximizes the occupancy of land (see Israel case study below) and/or spatially concentrating the indigenous population in urban centers (Harris, 2003;Chatty, 2006). Its explicit or implicit goal is to provide a demographic counterweight to local populations, and in some cases to limit their spatial development.…”

Section: Competing Paradigms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The third reason why drylands may be prone to politicaldemographic planning is that they are often resource-rich areas with economic importance. Most of the world's petroleum comes from dryland areas in the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Iran and North Africa, playing a major role in these countries' national economies (Beaumont, 1989;Harris, 2003). Drylands are also abundant in phosphates and nitrates, such as Chile's Atacama Desert (Lonsdale, 1985;Harris, 2003), Israel's eastern Negev Desert and the Jordanian and Israeli shores of the Dead Sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Most of the world's petroleum comes from dryland areas in the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Iran and North Africa, playing a major role in these countries' national economies (Beaumont, 1989;Harris, 2003). Drylands are also abundant in phosphates and nitrates, such as Chile's Atacama Desert (Lonsdale, 1985;Harris, 2003), Israel's eastern Negev Desert and the Jordanian and Israeli shores of the Dead Sea. Rare minerals, including copper, gold, molybdenum, uranium, silver, borax, iron and many others are also particularly abundant in drylands (Harris, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Such groups have been targeted across the arid world and throughout modern history for re-location and sedentarization, e.g. United States, Iran and Saudi Arabia (Beaumont, 1989;Khazanov, 1994;Harris, 2003;Chatty, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drylands are also abundant in phosphates and nitrates, such as Chile's Atacama Desert (Lonsdale, 1985;Harris, 2003), Israel's eastern Negev Desert and the Jordanian and Israeli shores of the Dead Sea. Rare minerals, including copper, gold, molybdenum, uranium, silver, borax, iron and many others are also particularly abundant in drylands (Harris, 2003). Further, 50% of earth's livestock is supported by rangeland in drylands (Safriel et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

An elephant in the planning room: Political demography and its influence on sustainable land-use planning in drylands

Orenstein

Jiang

Hamburg

2011

Journal of Arid Environments

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Section: Competing Paradigms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An elephant in the planning room: Political demography and its influence on sustainable land-use planning in drylands

Orenstein

Jiang

Hamburg

2011

Journal of Arid Environments

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Wetting mechanism and morphological adaptation; leaf rolling enhancing atmospheric water acquisition in wheat crop—a review

Ali

Merrium

Habib-ur-Rahman

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Several plant species such as grasses are dominant in many habitats including arid and semi-arid areas. These species survive in these regions by developing exclusive structures, which helps in the collection of atmospheric water. Before the collected water evaporates, these structures have unique canopy structure for water transportation that plays an equivalent share in the fog-harvesting mechanism. In this review, the atmospheric gaseous water harvesting mechanisms and their affinity of measurements were discussed. Morphological adaptations and their role in the capturing of atmospheric gaseous water of various species were also discussed. The key factor for the water collection and its conduction in the wheat plant is the information of contact angle hysteresis. In wheat, leaf rolling and its association with wetting property help the plant in water retention. Morphological adaptations, i.e., leaf erectness, grooves, and prickle hairs, also help in the collection and acquisition of water droplets by stem flows in directional guide toward the base of the plant and allow its rapid uptake. Morphological adaptation strengthens the harvesting mechanism by preventing the loss of water through shattering. Thus, wheat canopy architecture can be modified to harvest the atmospheric water and directional movement of water towards the root zone for self-irrigation. Moreover, these morphological adaptations are also linked with drought avoidance and corresponding physiological processes to resist water stress. The combination of these traits together with water use efficiency in wheat contributes to a highly efficient atmospheric water harvesting system that enables the wheat plants to reduce the cost of production. It also increases the yielding potential of the crop in arid and semi-arid environments. Further investigating the ecophysiology and molecular pathways of these morphological adaptations in wheat may have significant applications in varying climatic scenarios.

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Bioinspired water collection methods to supplement water supply

Bhushan

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Fresh water sustains human life and is vital for human health. Water scarcity affects more than 40% of the global population and is projected to rise. For some of the poorest countries, 1 in 10 people do not have access to safe and easily accessible water sources. Water consumption by man continues to grow with increasing population. Furthermore, population growth and unsafe industrial practices, as well as climate change, have put strain on ‘clean' water supply in many parts of the world, including the Americas. Current supply of fresh water needs to be supplemented to meet future needs. Living nature provides many lessons for water source. It has evolved species, which can survive in the most arid regions of the world by water collection from fog and condensation in the night. Before the collected water evaporates, species have mechanisms to transport water for storage or consumption. These species possess unique chemistry and structures on or within the body for collection and transport of water. In this paper, an overview of arid desert conditions and water collection from fog, and lessons from living nature for water collection are provided. Data on various bioinspired surfaces for water collection are also presented. Some bioinspired water purification approaches are presented. Next, consumer to military and emergency applications are discussed and water collection projections are presented. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 2)’.

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Atlas of the World's Deserts

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

An elephant in the planning room: Political demography and its influence on sustainable land-use planning in drylands

An elephant in the planning room: Political demography and its influence on sustainable land-use planning in drylands

Wetting mechanism and morphological adaptation; leaf rolling enhancing atmospheric water acquisition in wheat crop—a review

Bioinspired water collection methods to supplement water supply

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