Atlas of Nebraska

Archer, J. Clark; Edwards, Richard; Howard, Leslie; Shelley, Fred M.; Wilhite, Donald A.; Wishart, David

doi:10.2307/j.ctt1vgwbrd

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In fact, none of the Rhizoctonia spp. identified in the present study have been previously reported as a pathogen of any native grass species known in the Sandhills [18,23]. As such, we are not able to conclude whether the inherent susceptibility of each of these plant species may be an underlying reason why these two plant species yielded the most Rhizoctonia in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…from native grasses and testing for aggressiveness on other grasses, including little bluestem and prairie sandreed, would be necessary to confirm differential susceptibility. Interestingly, although R. oryzae has been reported on little bluestem previously [18,23] we did not isolate it in the present study. This, again, may be due to the fact that little bluestem is grown for ornamental purposes, so may not have acquired the pathogen from native plant soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Interestingly, although R . oryzae has been reported on little bluestem previously [ 18 , 23 ] we did not isolate it in the present study. This, again, may be due to the fact that little bluestem is grown for ornamental purposes, so may not have acquired the pathogen from native plant soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Origin of agricultural plant pathogens: Diversity and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia fungi associated with native prairie grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska

Kodati¹,

Adesemoye²,

Yuen

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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The Sandhills of Nebraska is a complex ecosystem, covering 50,000 km2 in central and western Nebraska and predominantly of virgin grassland. Grasslands are the most widespread vegetation in the U.S. and once dominated regions are currently cultivated croplands, so it stands to reason that some of the current plant pathogens of cultivated crops originated from grasslands, particularly soilborne plant pathogens. The anamorphic genus Rhizoctonia includes genetically diverse organisms that are known to be necrotrophic fungal pathogens, saprophytes, mycorrhiza of orchids, and biocontrol agents. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity of Rhizoctonia spp. on four native grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska and determine pathogenicity to native grasses and soybean. In 2016 and 2017, a total of 84 samples were collected from 11 sites in the Sandhills, located in eight counties of Nebraska. The samples included soil and symptomatic roots from the four dominant native grasses: sand bluestem, little bluestem, prairie sandreed, and needle-and-thread. Obtained were 17 Rhizoctonia-like isolates identified, including five isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-F; two isolates each from binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-B, AG-C, and AG-K, Rhizoctonia solani AGs: AG-3, and AG-4; one isolate of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-L, and one isolate of R. zeae. Disease severity was assessed for representative isolates of each AG in a greenhouse assay using sand bluestem, needle-and-thread, and soybean; prairie sandreed and little bluestem were unable to germinate under artificial conditions. On native grasses, all but two isolates were either mildly aggressive (causing 5–21% disease severity) or aggressive (21–35% disease severity). Among those, three isolates were cross-pathogenic on soybean, with R. solani AG-4 shown to be highly aggressive (86% disease severity). Thus, it is presumed that Rhizoctonia spp. are native to the sandhills grasslands and an emerging pathogen of crops cultivated may have survived in the soil and originate from grasslands.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Origin of agricultural plant pathogens: Diversity and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia fungi associated with native prairie grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska

Kodati¹,

Adesemoye²,

Yuen

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…A large portion of the state's human population also lives within 50 km of downstream portions of the lower Platte River (Archer et al 2017). This includes the state's two largest cities, Omaha and Lincoln, which are both major economic centers (Archer et al 2017). Off-river sites are distributed throughout the entire Platte River system but are usually located near population centers.…”

Section: Study Area and Study Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of novel ecosystems used by endangered species: the case of piping plovers, least terns, and aggregate mines

et al. 2021

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Sand and gravel mining creates novel ecosystems along the Platte, Loup, and Elkhorn rivers in Nebraska, USA. Piping plovers and least terns are state and/or federally threatened and endangered species, respectively, that nest and raise young at these sites and their derivatives. Despite hosting relatively large numbers of piping plovers and least terns for decades, an important question that has largely gone unaddressed is whether the industry that has produced these novel ecosystems is stable and will continue to produce habitat consistently in the future. We evaluated how the number, size, and spatial distribution of different site types hosting different numbers of nesting plovers and terns have changed over time and how current trends in the number of different site types will affect future habitat using a multi‐state modeling approach. Overall area and total number of sites declined during the period 1993–2020. More important, one site type, traditional mines, are being replaced by another site type, modern mines, which host lower numbers of nests of both species. The difference between these two site types is primarily how waste sand is stored. Traditional mines store waste sand in spoil piles or plumes along the edge of a lake created by the mining process, forming relatively large expanses of nesting habitat used by both species. Modern mines store waste sand in limited quantities along the edge of the lake but also in piles away from the lake. Traditional mines also differ from modern mines in that they are routinely converted to housing developments with intermediate transition sites that host the largest number of nests for brief periods. Based on the previous 28 yr of decline, traditional mines and their productive derivatives are projected to continue to decline, thereby further reducing overall nesting habitat. Piping plovers and least terns are expected to nest in our study sites for the foreseeable future, but overall numbers are expected to be smaller than what has been observed in previous decades. Local declines in our study area will have local and regional implications for the recovery and management of these two species of conservation concern.

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“…Cultivation of cool-season grasses, such as smooth brome, and legumes, such as alfalfa and vetch, were some of the first cultivated crops introduced primarily for grassing cattle [17]. A wide variety of other cultivated crops have been grown, primarily in the fringes of the Sandhills region, including (in descending order of area) hay, corn, wheat, dry bean, sugarbeet, sunflower, potato for seed tuber production, and, beginning in the 1990's, soybean [18]. These attempts to plant row crops have waxed and waned over the years with changes in irrigation and production costs relative to market value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atlas of Nebraska

Cited by 7 publications

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Origin of agricultural plant pathogens: Diversity and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia fungi associated with native prairie grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska

Origin of agricultural plant pathogens: Diversity and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia fungi associated with native prairie grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska

Decline of novel ecosystems used by endangered species: the case of piping plovers, least terns, and aggregate mines

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