Atherosclerosis in Alaska Natives and non-natives

Newman, William P.; Middaugh, John P.; Propst, Michael; Rogers, Dorothy

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)92413-n

Cited by 135 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…5% predicted incidence based on the high-fat diet that they consumed) was thought to be in part attributable to the dietary fat composition, and it was suggested that the anti-thrombotic effect of the marine LC PUFA may be responsible for the cardioprotection. Subsequent studies among other populations with a high intake of LC n-3 PUFA, such as Alaskans and the Japanese, have also observed a low incidence of CVD (Hamazaki et al 1988;Newman et al 1993). From this starting point many subsequent studies have provided evidence that more modest EPA and DHA intakes have cardio-protective properties, although epidemiological studies in Western populations have at times demonstrated mixed outcomes.…”

Section: Studies Examining the Health Benefits Of Oily Fish Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of EPA and DHA on blood lipids and lipoprotein metabolism: influence of apoE genotype

Anil

2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fish and fish oil-rich sources of long-chainn-3 fatty acids have been shown to be cardio-protective, through a multitude of different pathways including effects on arrythymias, endothelial function, inflammation and thrombosis, as well as modulation of both the fasting and postprandial blood lipid profile. To date the majority of studies have examined the impact of EPA and DHA fed simultaneously as fish or fish oil supplements. However, a number of recent studies have compared the relative biopotency of EPAv. DHA in relation to their effect on blood lipid levels. Although many beneficial effects of fish oils have been demonstrated, concern exists about the potential deleterious impact of EPA and DHA on LDL-cholesterol, with a highly-heterogenous response of this lipid fraction reported in the literature. Recent evidence suggests that apoE genotype may be in part responsible. In the present review the impact of EPA and DHA on cardiovascular risk and the blood lipoprotein profile will be considered, with a focus on the apoE gene locus as a possible determinant of lipid responsiveness to fish oil intervention.

show abstract

Section: Studies Examining the Health Benefits Of Oily Fish Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of EPA and DHA on blood lipids and lipoprotein metabolism: influence of apoE genotype

Anil

2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The low incidence has been con®rmed by autopsies (Lederman et al, 1962;Arthaud, 1970;Newman et al, 1993Newman et al, , 1995 and by studies of death certi®cates (Bjerregaard & Dyerberg, 1988;Middaugh, 1990). Ensuing studies have found several associations between the intake of n-3 fatty acids of marine origin and risk factors for cardiovascular disease as well as cardiovascular end-points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associations of a marine diet with plasma lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure and obesity among the Inuit in Greenland

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To analyse the associations between the intake of ®sh and marine mammals and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, ie lipid pro®le, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure and obesity, in a population whose average consumption of n-3 fatty acids is high compared with Western countries. Design: Information was obtained from a population survey in Greenland: interview data, clinical data and fasting blood samples were obtained from a random sample of Inuit from three towns and four villages. Subjects: Two-hundred and ®fty-nine adult Inuit (74% of the sample). Results: Marine diet was positively associated with serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and blood glucose and inversely with very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride. Association with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), diastolic and systolic blood pressure, waist ± hip ratio and body mass index were inconsistent and not statistically signi®cant. The pattern was similar within groups with low, medium and high consumption of marine food. Conclusions: There are statistically signi®cant associations between the consumption of marine food and certain lipid fractions in the blood also in this population with a very high average intake of marine food. The observation that blood glucose is positively associated with marine diet in a population survey is new and should be repeated. There was good agreement between the results for the reported consumption of seal and those for the biomarkers.

show abstract

“…Low mortality rate from CHD in epidemiological studies has been reported in populations with high intake of fish, such as Alaskan Natives (2) , Greenland Eskimos (3) and Japanese residing in fishing villages (4) . However, not all prospective cohort studies have found an inverse association between fish consumption and fatal CHD (5)(6)(7) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish consumption and CHD mortality: an updated meta-analysis of seventeen cohort studies

Zheng

Huang

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

278

185

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Results of studies on fish consumption and CHD mortality are inconsistent. The present updated meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the up-to-date pooling effects. Design: A random-effects model was used to pool the risk estimates. Generalized least-squares regression and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the possible dose-response relationship. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the sources of heterogeneity. Setting: PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases up to September 2010 were searched and secondary referencing qualified for inclusion in the study. Subjects: Seventeen cohorts with 315 812 participants and average follow-up period of 15?9 years were identified. Results: Compared with the lowest fish intake (,1 serving/month or 1-3 servings/ month), the pooled relative risk (RR) of fish intake on CHD mortality was 0?84 (95 % CI 0?75, 0?95) for low fish intake (1 serving/week), 0?79 (95 % CI 0?67, 0?92) for moderate fish intake (2-4 servings/week) and 0?83 (95 % CI 0?68, 1?01) for high fish intake (.5 servings/week). The dose-response analysis indicated that every 15 g/d increment of fish intake decreased the risk of CHD mortality by 6 % (RR 5 0?94; 95 % CI 0?90, 0?98). The method of dietary assessment, gender and energy adjustment affected the results remarkably. Conclusions: Our results indicate that either low (1 serving/week) or moderate fish consumption (2-4 servings/week) has a significantly beneficial effect on the prevention of CHD mortality. High fish consumption (.5 servings/week) possesses only a marginally protective effect on CHD mortality, possibly due to the limited studies included in this group.

show abstract

Atherosclerosis in Alaska Natives and non-natives

Cited by 135 publications

References 5 publications

The impact of EPA and DHA on blood lipids and lipoprotein metabolism: influence of apoE genotype

The impact of EPA and DHA on blood lipids and lipoprotein metabolism: influence of apoE genotype

The associations of a marine diet with plasma lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure and obesity among the Inuit in Greenland

Fish consumption and CHD mortality: an updated meta-analysis of seventeen cohort studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About