“…On the other hand, Baucum (2022) and Kney et al (2016) have not mentioned any specific integration STEM model that was applied to their studies. Nevertheless, most of the studies applied to almost all the STEM disciplines.…”
Section: Integration Of Stem Disciplinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Students commented that the addition of engineering would be significant. Students appear more comfortable speaking to STEM professionals through technological platforms (Baucum, 2022). Although engineering is one of the fastest-growing fields, the number of graduates and new admissions in engineering fields is disproportionate (Ayar, 2015).…”
Section: Integration Of Stem Disciplinesmentioning
Student learning outside the formal classroom is inextricably linked to informal learning environments. In many countries, most activities that employ informal learning prioritize the integration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines and have shown a positive impact on increasing students’ interest, self-efficacy, and awareness of the STEM field. Thus, this study aims to systematically review the activities reported in the relevant studies focusing on informal STEM learning for K–12. High-index journals published under SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were utilized using a predetermined search strategy and retrieved two research team members’ screened articles. Only empirical studies containing the terms “STEM education”, “summer camp”, and “informal learning” in the title, abstract, and keyword were included. Data were coded and organized into a matrix that was qualitatively assessed and categorized into themes. Based on the 25 studies reviewed, it was found that the integration of STEM disciplines in informal learning is notably varied. The characteristics of the STEM activities can be organized into seven themes: inquiry, focus on problems, design, cooperative learning, student-centred, hands-on, and 21st-century skills. Practice recommendations include a quality curriculum that aligns with informal STEM learning needs.
“…On the other hand, Baucum (2022) and Kney et al (2016) have not mentioned any specific integration STEM model that was applied to their studies. Nevertheless, most of the studies applied to almost all the STEM disciplines.…”
Section: Integration Of Stem Disciplinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Students commented that the addition of engineering would be significant. Students appear more comfortable speaking to STEM professionals through technological platforms (Baucum, 2022). Although engineering is one of the fastest-growing fields, the number of graduates and new admissions in engineering fields is disproportionate (Ayar, 2015).…”
Section: Integration Of Stem Disciplinesmentioning
Student learning outside the formal classroom is inextricably linked to informal learning environments. In many countries, most activities that employ informal learning prioritize the integration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines and have shown a positive impact on increasing students’ interest, self-efficacy, and awareness of the STEM field. Thus, this study aims to systematically review the activities reported in the relevant studies focusing on informal STEM learning for K–12. High-index journals published under SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were utilized using a predetermined search strategy and retrieved two research team members’ screened articles. Only empirical studies containing the terms “STEM education”, “summer camp”, and “informal learning” in the title, abstract, and keyword were included. Data were coded and organized into a matrix that was qualitatively assessed and categorized into themes. Based on the 25 studies reviewed, it was found that the integration of STEM disciplines in informal learning is notably varied. The characteristics of the STEM activities can be organized into seven themes: inquiry, focus on problems, design, cooperative learning, student-centred, hands-on, and 21st-century skills. Practice recommendations include a quality curriculum that aligns with informal STEM learning needs.
“…The examination of various media and instruments fosters creativity by enabling students to express themselves in fresh and original ways. Finally, digital literacy is developed using technology to support and enhance learning, as well as through the development of online safety and responsible use of technology (Baucum, 2022;Jin et al, 2019;Peters & Romero, 2019;Yan & Fan, 2022). In conclusion, secondary school learners acquire 21CS through OIL because it provides them with meaningful activities that are relevant to their goals and interests.…”
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