Asymmetric Hysteresis of Néel Caps in Flux-Closure Magnetic Dots

Fruchart, Olivier; Rougemaille, Nicolas; Bendounan, Azzedine; Toussaint, Jean-Christophe; Belkhou, Rachid; Tian, Yuan; Yu, Hyeonseung; Cheynis, Fabien; Masseboeuf, Aurélien; Bayle–Guillemaud, Pascale; Marty, A.

doi:10.1109/tmag.2010.2043222

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…4). Similar to what is observed in thick, self-assembled Fe micro-dots293031, the two Néel caps have their magnetisation pointing in opposite directions to minimize the magnetostatic energy of the asymmetric Bloch wall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Third type of domain wall in soft magnetic nanostrips

Nguyen

Fruchart

Pizzini

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Magnetic domain walls (DWs) in nanostructures are low-dimensional objects that separate regions with uniform magnetisation. Since they can have different shapes and widths, DWs are an exciting playground for fundamental research, and became in the past years the subject of intense works, mainly focused on controlling, manipulating, and moving their internal magnetic configuration. In nanostrips with in-plane magnetisation, two DWs have been identified: in thin and narrow strips, transverse walls are energetically favored, while in thicker and wider strips vortex walls have lower energy. The associated phase diagram is now well established and often used to predict the low-energy magnetic configuration in a given magnetic nanostructure. However, besides the transverse and vortex walls, we find numerically that another type of wall exists in permalloy nanostrips. This third type of DW is characterised by a three-dimensional, flux closure micromagnetic structure with an unusual length and three internal degrees of freedom. Magnetic imaging on lithographically-patterned permalloy nanostrips confirms these predictions and shows that these DWs can be moved with an external magnetic field of about 1 mT. An extended phase diagram describing the regions of stability of all known types of DWs in permalloy nanostrips is provided.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Third type of domain wall in soft magnetic nanostrips

Nguyen

Fruchart

Pizzini

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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“…Other examples include magnetization processes inside domain walls [30,31] and dimensional cross-over from vortices to domain walls [32,33].…”

Section: Arxiv:150602866v2 [Cond-matmtrl-sci] 23 Sep 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of shadow x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy

et al. 2015

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Shadow X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Photo-Emission Electron Microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) is a recent technique, in which the photon intensity in the shadow of an object lying on a surface, may be used to gather information about the three-dimensional magnetization texture inside the object. Our purpose here is to lay the basis of a quantitative analysis of this technique. We first discuss the principle and implementation of a method to simulate the contrast expected from an arbitrary micromagnetic state. Text book examples and successful comparison with experiments are then given. Instrumental settings are finally discussed, having an impact on the contrast and spatial resolution : photon energy, microscope extraction voltage and plane of focus, microscope background level, electric-field related distortion of three-dimensional objects, Fresnel diffraction or photon scattering.Progress is continuous in the decreasing size and increasing complexity of nanosized magnetic systems being designed for either fundamental science or devices. Magnetic microscopies are crucial tools to monitor and understand the properties of such systems. Various types of information are desirable to gather, leading to multiple criteria to classify microscopies: spatial and time resolution, compatibility with environmental parameters such as variable temperature and applied magnetic field, requirements on the sample preparation and compatibility for ex-situ processing such as lithography, correlation with structural information, elemental sensitivity, quantity measured (magnetization, induction, stray field etc.), sensitivity. The most common magnetic microscopies offering spatial resolution below 50 nm and direct sensitivity to magnetization are X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) [ [7][8][9].Yet another criterion is the volume of the sample probed. This criterium is gaining in importance in the context of the emergence of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic objects and textures. The distribution of magnetization may be truly 3D if along the three directions in space the size of a system lies above magnetic characteristic length scales, such as the dipolar exchange length ∆ d for soft magnetic materials, or the anisotropy exchange length ∆ u for a hard magnetic material [10]. While this is obviously fulfilled in macroscopic materials, the complexity of magnetic textures is such that it cannot be measured in detail, and besides it cannot be controlled to achieve specific functions. The progress in nanofabrication techniques now allows to design suitable systems, both with top-down and bottom-up approaches. Let us give some examples. Flat magnetic elements are basic building blocks in spintronics, being patterned with great 2D versatility with thin film and lithography technologies. Large lateral dimensions may give rise to 2D magnetic textures, such as the so-called vortex state in disks [11]. Such textures are being investigated to design RF oscillator components, relying on the gyrotropic motion ...

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“…These dots are elongated owing to the (110) symmetry, and may thus display a domain wall along its length [23,24]. These dots were thus used to observe [8] and manipulate [25,26] the internal degrees of freedom of Bloch domain walls. The physics of magnetic vortices, the one-dimensional analogous of the two-dimensional domain walls, is also prone to a rich physics [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and micromagnetism of self-assembled epitaxial fcc(111) cobalt dots

Fruchart¹,

Masseboeuf²,

Toussaint³

et al. 2013

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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We developed the self-assembly of epitaxial submicrometer-sized face-centered-cubic (fcc) Co(111) dots using pulsed laser deposition. The dots display atomically-flat facets, from which the ratios of surface and interface energies for fcc Co are deduced. Zero-field magnetic structures are investigated with magnetic force and lorentz microscopies, revealing vortex-based flux-closure patterns. A good agreement is found with micromagnetic simulations.

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Asymmetric Hysteresis of Néel Caps in Flux-Closure Magnetic Dots

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Third type of domain wall in soft magnetic nanostrips

Third type of domain wall in soft magnetic nanostrips

Quantitative analysis of shadow x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy

Growth and micromagnetism of self-assembled epitaxial fcc(111) cobalt dots

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