Astragalus membranaceus Alters Rumen Bacteria to Enhance Fiber Digestion, Improves Antioxidant Capacity and Immunity Indices of Small Intestinal Mucosa, and Enhances Liver Metabolites for Energy Synthesis in Tibetan Sheep

Wang, Xianju; Hu, Changsheng; Ding, Luming; Yi-guo, Tang; Wei, Haiyan; Jiang, Cuixia; Qi, Yan; Qian, Dong; Degen, A. Allan

doi:10.3390/ani11113236

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Preceding in vivo studies have demonstrated a uniform increase in the proportion of Firmicutes by feeding AMR or a related substrate [7,24], as was determined in the current study. Regarding proportional changes in Bacteroidota, which increased in another assessment [25], only one group belonging to Bacteroidota (Muribacteria) changed with a significant decrease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Feeding Astragalus membranaceus Root Improves the Rumen Fermentation Rate in Housed Goats through the Alteration of the Rumen Community Composition

Peng,

Fujino,

Anand

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Although Astragalus membranaceus root (AMR) has been noted as an ingredient in ruminant feed, the impacts of AMR feeding on rumen fermentation and the microbial community structure within the rumen are yet to be evaluated. This study investigated the effects of AMR supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial community structures in goats. In two sets of feeding experiments, four Japanese native goats were fed AMR (10 g/kg DM/day/head) for three weeks per experiment. The rumen fluid samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for fermentation products and next-generation sequencing for microbial analysis. The rumen fluid samples in the second experiment were also subject to an in vitro anaerobic fermentation test. The results indicated a significant modification, with a higher volatile fatty acid (VFA) content in the rumen fluid of goats in the feeding period than before feeding (p < 0.01). The microbial analysis revealed a significant increase in community diversity (p < 0.05) following AMR feeding, and the rumen bacterial community increased in two families belonging to the order Oscillospirales in Firmicutes (p < 0.05). The phylum Verrucomicrobiota was observed to be significantly less abundant after AMR feeding than during the control period (p < 0.05). Notably, the linear discriminant analysis revealed that the families with largely unknown functions in the rumen (Oscillospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, Muribaculaceae, and vadinBB97) were the determinants of the community split between control and AMR feeding. Increased fermentation rate by AMR feeding was also supported by an in vitro culture experiment, which resulted in faster VFA production without affecting methane production in total gas production. The study demonstrated that AMR can significantly facilitate change in the bacterial community structure in the goat rumen involving a shift of the favoring fibrolytic bacteria towards VFA production. The long-term effects of AMR supplementation and its applicability across different ruminant species, with potential benefits for animal health and productivity, should be addressed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Feeding Astragalus membranaceus Root Improves the Rumen Fermentation Rate in Housed Goats through the Alteration of the Rumen Community Composition

Peng,

Fujino,

Anand

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…To isolate the gut tissue, approximately 3 cm segments of the midpoint of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected and stored at −80 °C for gene expression analysis. The mucosal samples were collected by the method described by Wang et al [ 24 ]. Mucosal samples were stored at −80 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Fucoidan Supplementation on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Small Intestinal Barrier Function, and Cecal Microbiota of Weaned Goat Kids

Yang

Guo

Chen

et al. 2022

Animals

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fucoidan supplementation on serum biochemical parameters, small intestinal barrier function, and cecal microbiota of weaned goat kids. A total of 60 2-month-old weaned castrated male goat kids (Chuanzhong black goat) were used in this 30-day experiment. The goat kids were randomly divided into four groups: a control group (CON) fed the basal diet, and three other groups supplemented with 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% fucoidan in the basal diet (denoted as F1, F2, and F3 groups, respectively). The results indicated that dietary fucoidan supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the content of glucose (GLU) as measured on day 15. As measured on day 30, dietary fucoidan increased (p < 0.05) the content of total protein (TP) and decreased the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and supplementation with 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan decreased (p < 0.05) the activity of LDH. Dietary fucoidan decreased (p < 0.05) the content of D-lactic acid (D-LA) and the activity of diamine oxidase (DAO). Dietary fucoidan increased (p < 0.05) the activity of catalase (CAT) in the duodenum. Dietary 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan enhanced (p < 0.05) the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the ileum, the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the jejunum and ileum, and the activity of CAT in the ileum. Dietary 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan reduced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the duodenum. Dietary fucoidan increased (p < 0.05) the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the duodenum. Supplementation of 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan upregulated (p < 0.05) the gene expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1 in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and dietary supplementation of 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan upregulated (p < 0.05) the gene expression of occludin in the jejunum and ileum. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing results showed that at the phylum level, dietary fucoidan increased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Bacteroidetes while decreasing (p < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes. At the genus level, dietary 0.3% and 0.5% fucoidan increased (p < 0.05) the abundances of Unspecified_Ruminococcaceae, Unspecified_Bacteroidale, Unspecified_Clostridiales, and Akkermansia. In conclusion, dietary fucoidan supplementation had positive effects on intestinal permeability, antioxidant capacity, immunity function, tight junctions, and the cecal microflora balance in weaned goat kids.

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“…Serum samples collected on d 60 were used for metabolome analysis. The preparation of the sample and analysis followed Wang et al (2021) [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chinese Herbs on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Immunity Indices, Antioxidant Capacity and Metabolomics in Early Weaned Yak Calves

Jiang

Qian

Xin

et al. 2022

Animals

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Chinese traditional herbs are used widely as feed supplements to improve the immune response and antioxidant capacity of livestock. Twenty early-weaned 4-month-old yak calves (72.3 ± 3.65 kg) were divided randomly into four groups (n = 5 per group); three groups were provided with supplementary 80 mL/kg DMI of the root water extracts of either Angelica sinensis, Codonopsis pilosula or Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and one group (control) was not provided with a supplement. Compared to control calves, calves consuming the three herbal extracts increased serum concentrations of albumin (ALB) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), but decreased serum concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). Calves consuming A. sinensis decreased (p < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol (TC), and increased (p < 0.05) serum concentration of total proteins (TP). Serum FFA concentrations increased (p = 0.004) linearly with time in the control group, but not in the groups consuming herbs. Serum metabolomic data demonstrated that A. sinensis and C. pilosula regulate mainly amino acid metabolism, while G. uralensis regulates mainly carbon and amino acid metabolism. It was concluded that the three herbal root extracts, as dietary supplements, improved energy and nitrogen metabolism, and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of yak calves.

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Astragalus membranaceus Alters Rumen Bacteria to Enhance Fiber Digestion, Improves Antioxidant Capacity and Immunity Indices of Small Intestinal Mucosa, and Enhances Liver Metabolites for Energy Synthesis in Tibetan Sheep

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Feeding Astragalus membranaceus Root Improves the Rumen Fermentation Rate in Housed Goats through the Alteration of the Rumen Community Composition

Feeding Astragalus membranaceus Root Improves the Rumen Fermentation Rate in Housed Goats through the Alteration of the Rumen Community Composition

Effects of Dietary Fucoidan Supplementation on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Small Intestinal Barrier Function, and Cecal Microbiota of Weaned Goat Kids

Effect of Chinese Herbs on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Immunity Indices, Antioxidant Capacity and Metabolomics in Early Weaned Yak Calves

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