Associations With Intraocular Pressure in the Barbados Eye Study

Wu, Suh‐Yuh

doi:10.1001/archopht.1997.01100160742012

Cited by 250 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…39,48,49,[52][53][54][55] Male gender is associated with greater CDR, which is in agreement with the findings of a higher risk of POAG in the male gender reported by the Barbados Eye Study, Framingham Eye Study, and the Long Island Glaucoma Case-Control Study. [56][57][58] Likewise, the association between black race and greater CDR reaffirmed the reports of previous studies.…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 84%

Determinants and Heritability of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio in a Defined Older Population

et al. 2005

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Purpose-To investigate the heritability of intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) in an older well-defined population. Design-Family-based cohort study.Participants-Through the population-based Salisbury Eye Evaluation study, we recruited 726 siblings (mean age, 74.7 years) in 284 sibships.Methods-Intraocular pressure and CDR were measured bilaterally for all participants. The presence or absence of glaucoma was determined by a glacuoma specialist for all probands on the basis of visual field, optic nerve appearance, and history. The heritability of IOP was calculated as twice the residual between-sibling correlation of IOP using linear regression and generalized estimating equations after adjusting for age, gender, mean arterial pressure, race, self-reported diabetes status, and history of systemic steroid use. The heritability of CDR was calculated using the same model and adjustments as above, while also adjusting for IOP.Main Outcome Measures-Heritability and determinants of IOP and CDR, and impact of siblings' glaucoma status on IOP and CDR.Results-We estimated the heritability to be 0.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.46) for IOP and 0.56 (95% CI, for CDR in this population. Mean IOP in siblings of glaucomatous probands was statistically significantly higher than in siblings of normal probands (mean difference, 1.02 mmHg; P = 0.017). The mean CDR in siblings of glaucomatous probands was 0.07 (or 19%) larger than in siblings of glaucoma suspect referrals (P = 0.045) and siblings of normal probands (P = 0.004).Conclusions-In this elderly population, we found CDR to be highly heritable and IOP to be moderately heritable. On average, siblings of glaucoma patients had higher IOPs and larger CDRs than siblings of nonglaucomatous probands.Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second most common cause of blindness in the world 1 and affects approximately 2.2 million Americans. 2 Although the diagnosis of POAG centers on the characteristic excavation and atrophy of the optic nerve head and functional deficit measured by visual field (VF) change, 3 the heritability of intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) have not been studied extensively thus far, despite the wellestablished role of heredity in POAG. In this study, we estimate the heritability of IOP and CDR from a cohort of sibships recruited through the Salisbury Eye Evaluation study. In addition, we also report the distribution of IOP and CDR among siblings of glaucomatous probands versus siblings of normal probands. Materials and Methods Subjects and General DesignBetween 1993 and 1995, a random sample of potential participants (ages 65 to 84 years) was chosen from the Health Care Financing Administration Medicare database and recruited from Salisbury, located on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, to engage in the population-based Salisbury Eye Evaluation study. 28 The cohort was invited for a follow-up examination including VF testing, optic nerve head imaging, and IOP measurement. All subjects with abnormal scr...

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Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 84%

Determinants and Heritability of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio in a Defined Older Population

et al. 2005

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“…[9][10][11][12] Several studies have found a statistically significant increase in intraocular pressure with age. [13][14][15] There is a general consensus that cumulative oxidative damage is responsible for aging. 16 There is an age-related rise in systemic oxidant load, and age-related morbidity is associated with low antioxidant defences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of oxidative stress enzymes in open-angle glaucoma

Yıldırım

Ateş

Ercan

et al. 2004

Eye

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Purpose To investigate the role of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Materials and methods The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), and the levels of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 40 (15 men and 25 women) patients with POAG and 60 (30 men and 30 women) healthy controls. Results There was no significant difference in the activities of CAT and MPO between the POAG patients and the controls. However, the plasma MDA level was significantly higher in patients than the controls. Conclusion The results of this preliminary study suggest that the possible alterations of plasma MDA levels may be associated with the pathogenesis of POAG, but further research is needed to understand the role of oxidative damage in this important disorder of aging.

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“…Toxic compounds in tobacco smoke also affect ocular tissues, mainly through ischaemic or oxidative mechanisms (Solberg et al 1998). Some common eye diseases, such as cataract (Congdon 2001), agerelated macular degeneration (AgeRelated Eye Disease Study Research Group 2000; McCarty et al 2001), retinal vein occlusion (Klein et al 2000), anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (Chung et al 1994), thyroid ophthalmopathy (Shine et al 1990), and primary open-angle glaucoma (Wilson et al 1987;Wu & Leske 1997) have been found to be associated with cigarette smoking. Tobaccoalcohol optic neuropathy, a once common but now rare disease characterized by bilateral central visual disturbance, may occur as a result of direct toxic damage to the optic nerve, particularly in chronic heavy smokers (Potts 1973;Rizzo & Lessell 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of moderate smoking on the central visual field

Akarsu

Yazıcı

Taner

et al. 2004

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate whether moderate cigarette smoking has any effects on the central visual field. Methods: This study included 30 healthy, moderate cigarette smokers (10-20 cigarettes per day for at least the past 5 years) and 22 healthy non-smokers. After two training test sessions, all individuals underwent computerized visual field examinations (Humphrey 30-2 Full Threshold Test) with both white-on-white (W-W) perimetry and blue-on-yellow (B-Y) perimetry. One eye of each subject with reliable visual field test results was evaluated. The foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), short-term fluctuation (SF), corrected pattern standard deviation (CPSD), glaucoma hemifield test (GHT) and number of significantly depressed points deviating at p < 5%, p < 2%, p < 1% and p < 0.5% on the pattern deviation probability map of the smokers were compared with those of the non-smokers. Results: When the results of W-W perimetry were analysed, the smokers were found to have significantly lower foveal thresholds (p ¼ 0.001) and mean retinal sensitivity (p ¼ 0.02), and higher PSD (p ¼ 0.002) and CPSD (p ¼ 0.01) than the non-smokers. Short-term fluctuation was similar in both groups (p ¼ 0.55). The number of significantly depressed points deviating at p < 5%, p < 2% and p < 1% on the pattern deviation probability map was similar for both groups (p > 0.05). The number of depressed points deviating at p < 0.5% on the pattern deviation probability map was higher for the smokers than for the non-smokers (p ¼ 0.03). The results of B-Y perimetry showed the smokers to have a significantly lower foveal threshold than the non-smokers (p ¼ 0.03). However, there were no significant differences in the global indices of the two groups (p > 0.05). The number of significantly depressed points deviating at p < 5%, p < 2%, p < 1% and p < 0.5% on the pattern deviation probability map was similar in both groups (p > 0.05). No significant difference in GHT was determined with either perimetry for the smokers compared with the non-smokers (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that moderate cigarette smoking is associated with both diffuse and localized reductions in retinal sensitivity with W-W perimetry. Only reduction in the foveal threshold was observed with B-Y perimetry, with no hints of diffuse and localized reductions.

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Associations With Intraocular Pressure in the Barbados Eye Study

Cited by 250 publications

References 31 publications

Determinants and Heritability of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio in a Defined Older Population

Determinants and Heritability of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio in a Defined Older Population

Role of oxidative stress enzymes in open-angle glaucoma

Effects of moderate smoking on the central visual field

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