Associations of urinary epidermal growth factor and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 with kidney involvement in patients with diabetic kidney disease

The Association of dp-ucMGP with Cardiovascular Morbidity and Decreased Renal Function in Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Bivariate associations between variables were examined with Spearman’s correlation co-efficient. Estimating a 30% occurrence of the composite renal endpoint over 7 years in our population with diabetic pre-dialysis CKD, as described in a recent study in a population similar to ours [ 62 ], we calculated a sample size of at least 62 patients to give approximately 80% power (alpha = 0.05, two-tailed) to reject the null hypothesis. To estimate overall survival, CV survival, CV events, and the renal composite outcome for the median plasma dp-ucMGP level, we used the Kaplan–Meier actuarial method and the log-rank test to compare survival curves.…”

Renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: an emerging universal biomarker and therapeutic target for kidney diseases?

“…In the first study, Moran and colleagues found that the combination of urinary soluble CD163 (sCD163) and uMCP-1 improved the diagnostic accuracy of renal flares in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis [11]. In the second study, Wu and colleagues report a significant association between urinary epidermal growth factor (uEGF) and uMCP-1 with disease progression in diabetic nephropathy [12]. Finally, Wilkening and colleagues demonstrate increased expression of the MCP-1 receptor CCR2 in kidney biopsies of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and found a positive effect of CCR2…”

Protective factors as biomarkers and targets for prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy: From current human evidence to future possibilities

“…The data are most consistent for urinary EGFa key survival factor expressed on the apical membrane of distal tubule cells 21 with urinary concentrations decreasing during acute renal injury [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] . Tissue and urine levels of EGF were positively correlated with GFR across CKD stages, and were associated with eGFR trajectories and slower progression to ESRD during follow up in some studies [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] , but it has not always been an independent predictor of progression 23 . Profiles of tissue expression and urinary excretion of EGF were characterized by the studies utilizing systems biology approaches; including proteomic, as well as transcriptomic, data combined with clinical follow-up data 22,23 .…”

“…It was suggested that downregulation of EGF with simultaneous upregulation of MCP-1 reflected increased apoptosis in the proximal tubules, and might reflect an index of tubulointerstitial damage in reflux nephropathy 25 . Recently, a strong association between levels of the EGF-to-MCP-1 ratio and the risk of DKD onset and progression has been observed in type 2 diabetes patients from two smaller studies in early and late DKD 26,27 . It is uncertain whether decreased EGF expression only reflects the damaged tubules or decreased EGF affects the development of tubulointerstitial injury.…”