Associations of Reducing Sedentary Time With Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Older Sedentary Adults

Suboc, Tisha B; Knabel, Daniel; Strath, Scott J.; Dharmashankar, Kodlipet; Coulliard, Allison; Malik, Mobin; Haak, Kristoph; Widlansky, Michael E.

doi:10.1093/ajh/hpv063

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…LightEE was a significant predictor of weight and FM loss, which suggests that even lightPA may play a role during the early phase of weight loss in these patients. The strong associations with sedentary time and SedEE support previous studies reporting sedentary behavior as an independent risk factor for health ( 37 , 38 , 39 ), even after accounting for the influence of RMR reduction. Finally, the model including the PA variables revealed that LightPA was a significant predictor of weight and FM loss, which is supported by our quartile dose-response analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Randomized trial reveals that physical activity and energy expenditure are associated with weight and body composition after RYGB

Carnero

Dubis

Hames

et al. 2017

Obesity

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ObjectiveWe investigated the associations of both physical activity time (PA) and energy expenditure (EE) with weight and fat mass (FM) loss in patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.MethodsNinety-six non-diabetic patients were included in this analysis. Post RYGB patients were randomized in one of two treatments: A 6-month exercise training program (RYBG+EX) or lifestyle educational classes (RYGB). Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography. We quantified components of PA and EE by a multisensory device. We explored dose-response relationships of both PA and EE with weight loss and body composition according to quartiles of change in steps/day.ResultsPatients in the highest quartile of steps/day change lost more fat mass (FM) (3rd =−19.5kg and 4th=−22.7kg, P<0.05) and abdominal adipose tissue (− 4th=−313cm2, P<0.05);, maintained skeletal muscle mass (3rd = 3.1cm2 and −4th=−4.5cm2, P<0.05) and had greater reductions in resting metabolic rate. Decreases in sedentary EE, increases in Light EE and age were significant predictors of both Δweight and ΔFM (R2 =73.8% and R2 =70.6%, respectively).ConclusionNon-diabetic patients who perform higher - yet still modest - amounts of PA following RYGB have greater energy deficits, lose more weight and body fat mass, while maintaining higher skeletal muscle mass.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Randomized trial reveals that physical activity and energy expenditure are associated with weight and body composition after RYGB

Carnero

Dubis

Hames

et al. 2017

Obesity

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“…Reyes et al also found a higher FMD response in active versus inactive pregnant women, defined by time in MVPA 57. Suboc et al found a similar correlation in participants with ≥20 min/day of MPA in bouts, which was not statistically significant, perhaps due to underpowering of the study ( n =96) 46. Suboc et al also found that MPA in bouts, rather than overall time in MPA, was associated with change in FMD 47.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast, Gando et al suggested no relationship between arterial stiffness with VPA, while there was an inverse relationship for MPA and LPA in older subjects 43. Several studies found no relationship between higher intensity PA with arterial stiffness 23 44–49. Some studies investigated specific patient populations, with differing results for subsets of patients 50 51.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

Narendrula,

Brinza,

Horvat Davey

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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IntroductionThe association of physical activity (PA) with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. Clarifying this relationship may inform cardiovascular prevention strategies.MethodsWe performed a systematic review (CRD42021226089) using Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane (1 January 2000 to 1 September 2023). Studies published with adult populations exploring the relationship between objectively measured PA and subclinical CVD were included. Subclinical CVD was assessed using: ankle-brachial index (ABI); arterial stiffness; carotid artery disease; coronary artery atherosclerosis; endothelial function; and measures of cardiac structure and function. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used for quality review.ResultsOf 68 included studies, most supported an inverse relationship between PA and subclinical CVD. Arterial stiffness was the most common outcome (n=40), and 33 studies suggested that less sedentary behaviour (SB), increased PA and/or higher intensity PA was associated with less arterial stiffness. Ten studies of carotid artery disease (totaln=18), six of endothelial function (n=10), two of coronary artery disease (n=3) and all of ABI (n=6) suggested that PA or less SB is associated with less subclinical disease. Five studies assessing cardiac structure/function (n=6) suggested alterations in structure/function with PA.ConclusionsPA reduces the risk of CVD events, and this systematic review demonstrates that some of the benefits may be mediated by an inverse association between PA and subclinical CVD. Interventions to increase PA are important for CVD prevention, so we provide a comprehensive overview of which surrogate outcome measures may be most useful to assess future CVD prevention interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021226089.

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“…An increase of DBP more than 10 mmHg above the resting value or an absolute value of 90 mmHg also is considered abnormal and could predict increased likelihood of CAD. EST termination should be made when SBP is more than 250 mmHg and DBP more than 115 mmHg, respectively [202,[206][207][208]. A resting SBP >200 mmHg and DBP >110 mmHg are considered relative contraindications to EST.…”

Section: Blood Pressure (Bp) Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnostic value of exercise stress testing for cardiovascular disease is more than just st segment changes: A review

Sharif¹,

Alway²

2016

J Integr Cardiol

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Purpose: The objectives of this review were to: (1) identify the acute cardiovascular responses to aerobic exercise used in an exercise stress test (EST), (2) identify when and how to best conduct an EST including the stopping point, (3) identify conditions that would preclude an EST, (4) define the limiting signs and symptoms associated with an EST (5), discuss what data are needed as part of an EST and how to interpret EST data. Methods:We identify the cardiovascular responses to an EST and when an EST should or should not be used. Finally we analyze the components of an EST and potential sensitivities, significances and predictability of the changes in the outcome data that will provide diagnosis overt cardiovascular disease, and for purposes of exercise prescription and evaluation of rehabilitation effects in cardiac patients.Results: Although most of the focus for performing an EST traditionally has been on the diagnostic value to identify ST-segment abnormalities, an EST provides other valuable diagnostic and prognostic data including maximal oxygen consumption (predicted or measured), exercise capacity and fatigability, blood pressure and heart rate responses to exercise and recovery. Conclusions:This review identifies the most recent standards, and guidelines of EST, which include the acute physiological response of the cardiovascular system to aerobic exercise, the use of EST in evaluation of coronary artery disease, an updated diagnostic and prognostic variables of EST, and reporting of EST.

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Associations of Reducing Sedentary Time With Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Older Sedentary Adults

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Randomized trial reveals that physical activity and energy expenditure are associated with weight and body composition after RYGB

Randomized trial reveals that physical activity and energy expenditure are associated with weight and body composition after RYGB

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

The diagnostic value of exercise stress testing for cardiovascular disease is more than just st segment changes: A review

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