Randomized trial reveals that physical activity and energy expenditure are associated with weight and body composition after RYGB

Abstract

ObjectiveWe investigated the associations of both physical activity time (PA) and energy expenditure (EE) with weight and fat mass (FM) loss in patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.MethodsNinety-six non-diabetic patients were included in this analysis. Post RYGB patients were randomized in one of two treatments: A 6-month exercise training program (RYBG+EX) or lifestyle educational classes (RYGB). Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography. We quantified components of PA and EE by a multisensory device. We explored dose-response relationships of both PA and EE with weight loss and body composition according to quartiles of change in steps/day.ResultsPatients in the highest quartile of steps/day change lost more fat mass (FM) (3rd =−19.5kg and 4th=−22.7kg, P<0.05) and abdominal adipose tissue (− 4th=−313cm2, P<0.05);, maintained skeletal muscle mass (3rd = 3.1cm2 and −4th=−4.5cm2, P<0.05) and had greater reductions in resting metabolic rate. Decreases in sedentary EE, increases in Light EE and age were significant predictors of both Δweight and ΔFM (R2 =73.8% and R2 =70.6%, respectively).ConclusionNon-diabetic patients who perform higher - yet still modest - amounts of PA following RYGB have greater energy deficits, lose more weight and body fat mass, while maintaining higher skeletal muscle mass.

The relationship between body composition and knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women

“…On the other hand, in evaluating the relationship between the body composition measures and knee OA, we used potential confounders for adjustment such as physical activity, which is known to affect body composition by losing fat mass and maintaining muscle mass which is a surrogate of lean mass. [35] In conclusion this study shows that body weight is significantly and positively associated with knee OA and, among the components that constitute body weight, fat mass is closely and significantly associated with knee OA in postmenopausal women when assessed together with lean mass. This result suggests that the relationship between obesity and knee OA is mainly based on the fat mass, and supports the importance of systemic metabolic effects of adiposity in this relationship.…”

Distinct patterns of skeletal muscle mitochondria fusion, fission and mitophagy upon duration of exercise training

“…All but two subjects wore the armband for seven consecutive days at baseline and during the last week of intervention. Analyses were performed on all days where the monitors were worn >90% of the day as presented elsewhere …”

Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Women Aerobic Exercise Capacity

“…Unfortunately, a limitation of this study is that it does not provide body composition measurements, which preclude any direct conclusion on muscular mass changes. However, numerous studies have previously indicated that lean body mass loss occurs with post-surgery fat mass loss [10,12,13,16,18,36]. Lower muscle mass and oxidative capacity would indeed lead to a deconditioned profile with a low absolute VO 2 max and VT1.…”