Associations Between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Concentrations in Human Placenta and Small for Gestational Age in Southwest China

Liu, Yijun; Xie, Yan; Tian, Yingkuan; Liu, Hui; He, Caidie; An, Senyou; Chen, Wei; Zhou, Yuanzhong; Zhong, Xiaoni

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.812268

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“… 56 , 58 PBDEs were also associated with other effects, such as growth delay in children. 62 In some cases, PBDE showed sex-specific effects. For example, PBDE maternal exposure was associated with behavioral issues in 12-y-old boys, but not in girls 63 ; prenatal exposure to PBDEs were inversely associated with shorter anogenital distance in boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities in Assessing and Regulating Organohalogen Flame Retardants (OFRs) as a Class in Consumer Products

Chen,

Birnbaum,

Babich

et al. 2024

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: In 2015, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) received and then, in 2017, granted a petition under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act to declare certain groups of consumer products as banned hazardous substances if they contain nonpolymeric, additive organohalogen flame retardants (OFRs). The petitioners asked the CPSC to regulate OFRs as a single chemical class with similar health effects. The CPSC later sponsored a National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) report in 2019, which ultimately identified 161 OFRs and grouped them into 14 subclasses based on chemical structural similarity. In 2021, a follow-up discussion was held among a group of scientists from both inside and outside of the CPSC for current research on OFRs and to promote collaboration that could increase public awareness of CPSC work and support the class-based approach for the CPSC’s required risk assessment of OFRs. Objectives: Given the extensive data collected to date, there is a need to synthesize what is known about OFR and how class-based regulations have previously managed this information. This commentary discusses both OFR exposure and OFR toxicity and fills some gaps for OFR exposure that were not within the scope of the NASEM report. The objective of this commentary is therefore to provide an overview of the OFR research presented at SOT 2021, explore opportunities and challenges associated with OFR risk assessment, and inform CPSC’s work on an OFR class-based approach. Discussion: A class-based approach for regulating OFRs can be successful. Expanding the use of read-across and the use of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in assessing and regulating existing chemicals was considered as a necessary part of the class-based process. Recommendations for OFR class-based risk assessment include the need to balance fire and chemical safety and to protect vulnerable populations, including children and pregnant women. The authors also suggest the CPSC should consider global, federal, and state OFR regulations. The lack of data or lack of concordance in toxicity data could present significant hurdles for some OFR subclasses. The potential for cumulative risks within or between subclasses, OFR mixtures, and metabolites common to more than one OFR all add extra complexity for class-based risk assessment. This commentary discusses scientific and regulatory challenges for a class-based approach suggested by NASEM. This commentary is offered as a resource for anyone performing class-based assessments and to provide potential collaboration opportunities for OFR stakeholders. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12725

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities in Assessing and Regulating Organohalogen Flame Retardants (OFRs) as a Class in Consumer Products

Chen,

Birnbaum,

Babich

et al. 2024

Environ Health Perspect

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“…The IGF-1 is important for fetal growth and it was suggested that PBDEs are able to interfere with IGF-1 system secretion [ 162 , 163 , 164 ]. Epidemiological studies evaluated the correlation between PBDEs and BW, but results were discordant [ 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 ]. It was also reported that changes in placental DNA methylation might be part of the underlying biological pathway between prenatal PBDEs exposure and adverse fetal growth [ 170 ].…”

Section: Edcs and Endocrine Diseases—evidence In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals’ Effects in Children: What We Know and What We Need to Learn?

Predieri

Bernasconi

Street

2022

IJMS

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Thousands of natural or manufactured chemicals were defined as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) because they can interfere with hormone activity and the endocrine system. We summarize and discuss what we know and what we still need to learn about EDCs’ pathogenic mechanisms of action, as well as the effects of the most common EDCs on endocrine system health in childhood. The MEDLINE database (PubMed) was searched on 13 May 2022, filtering for EDCs, endocrine diseases, and children. EDCs are a group of compounds with high heterogeneity, but usually disrupt the endocrine system by mimicking or interfering with natural hormones or interfering with the body’s hormonal balance through other mechanisms. Individual EDCs were studied in detail, while humans’ “cocktail effect” is still unclear. In utero, early postnatal life, and/or pubertal development are highly susceptible periods to exposure. Human epidemiological studies suggest that EDCs affect prenatal growth, thyroid function, glucose metabolism, obesity, puberty, and fertility through several mechanisms. Further studies are needed to clarify which EDCs can mainly act on epigenetic processes. A better understanding of EDCs’ effects on human health is crucial to developing future regulatory strategies to prevent exposure and ensure the health of children today, in future generations, and in the environment.

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“…PBDEs suppress placental growth, possibly by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species and DNA methylation, which can mediate a restrictive growth environment for the foetus by reducing nutrient and hormone transport, resulting in foetal-growth-restricted infants [91][92][93]. The smaller placental size coupled with altered maternal thyroid hormones as an implication of exposure to PBDEs may be responsible for the lower birth weights observed in the studies in this review and other studies involving general populations [91,[94][95][96][97][98][99][100]. In addition, we identified two studies with a decline in other metrics used to estimate foetus development, such as abdominal circumference, femur length, and biparietal diameter in mothers with higher levels of PBDEs [99,101].…”

Section: Reproductive Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on Hormonal and Reproductive Health in E-Waste-Exposed Population: A Systematic Review

Singh

Cortes-Ramirez

Toms

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Electronic waste management is a global rising concern that is primarily being handled by informal recycling practices. These release a mix of potentially hazardous chemicals, which is an important public health concern. These chemicals include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as flame retardants in electronic parts, which are persistent in nature and show bioaccumulative characteristics. Although PBDEs are suspected endocrine disruptors, particularly targeting thyroid and reproductive hormone functions, the relationship of PBDEs with these health effects are not well established. We used the Navigation Guide methodology to conduct a systematic review of studies in populations exposed to e-waste to better understand the relationships of these persistent flame retardants with hormonal and reproductive health. We assessed nineteen studies that fit our pre-determined inclusion criteria for risk of bias, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and other criteria that helped rate the overall evidence for its quality and strength of evidence. The studies suggest PBDEs may have an adverse effect on thyroid hormones, reproductive hormones, semen quality, and neonatal health. However, more research is required to establish a relationship of these effects in the e-waste-exposed population. We identified the limitations of the data available and made recommendations for future scientific work.

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Associations Between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Concentrations in Human Placenta and Small for Gestational Age in Southwest China

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Opportunities in Assessing and Regulating Organohalogen Flame Retardants (OFRs) as a Class in Consumer Products

Opportunities in Assessing and Regulating Organohalogen Flame Retardants (OFRs) as a Class in Consumer Products

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals’ Effects in Children: What We Know and What We Need to Learn?

Effects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on Hormonal and Reproductive Health in E-Waste-Exposed Population: A Systematic Review

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