Associations between increased body condition score, bodyweight, age and breed with urethral obstruction in male castrated cats

Jukes, A J; Lui, Monica; Morton, John M.; Marshall, R.; Yeow, N.; Gunew, M.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.11.018

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…25 Increased BCS has been identified as a risk factor for the development of urethral obstruction. 10 It is hypothesized that the same excess consumption of food that leads to weight gain could also result in an excess consumption, and therefore excretion, of minerals, which may be calculogenic. 6 Indeed, in this study BCS was not a selection criterion, but most of the cats enrolled were overweight or obese.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Dietary recommendations for treatment of struvite uroliths include increasing water intake, restricting phosphorus and magnesium content, and moderate urinary acidification. 10 In a premarketing study of 10 clinically normal adult cats (2-14 years old), the commercially available diet studied herein (Blue Natural Veterinary Diet W+U Weight Management + Urinary Care; Blue Buffalo Company) was fed exclusively for 23 days prior to urine collection for urinary relative supersaturation (RSS) measurement. The test diet maintained a 24 h RSS level less than 1 for struvite and maintained a mean urine pH of 6.0 11 (Blue Buffalo Company, data on file, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Dietary recommendations for treatment of struvite uroliths include increasing water intake, restricting phosphorus and magnesium content, and moderate urinary acidification. 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a struvite dissolution diet in cats with naturally occurring struvite urolithiasis

Tefft

Byron

Hostnik

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of the low struvite relative supersaturation diet in dissolution of feline struvite cystoliths. Methods This was a prospective, open-label, two-center study. Twelve client-owned cats were enrolled based on the radiographic appearance of their uroliths and urinalysis parameters. Cats were fed the test diet exclusively for up to 56 days. Cats were radiographed every other week until radiographic evidence of dissolution occurred or the end of the study period was reached. Cats with radiographically apparent uroliths at the end of the study period underwent cystotomy for stone retrieval and analysis. Results Nine of the 12 cats completed the study. Eight experienced radiographic dissolution; seven of these had complete dissolution within the first month of treatment. One cat, whose owner declined cystotomy after partial dissolution at day 56, had complete radiographic resolution at 70 days of treatment. Two calcium oxalate urolith cores were removed from a cat that had partial radiographic dissolution. Conclusions and relevance The test diet was successful in dissolving suspected struvite cystoliths. As this diet is suitable for maintenance feeding of adult cats, it may be a suitable choice for long-term prevention of feline struvite urolithiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of a struvite dissolution diet in cats with naturally occurring struvite urolithiasis

Tefft

Byron

Hostnik

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…Urethral obstruction is reported to occur commonly in young male cats, and urolithiasis accounted for 12-23% of cases. 7,9,10,18 Cats in this study had no signs or evidence of urinary tract disease. This is clinically relevant because the os penis might be misinterpreted as urethrolithiasis or dystrophic mineralisation of the urethral wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…6 Urethral obstruction is reported to occur more com monly in young male cats and urolithiasis has been reported to represent 12-23% of cases. [7][8][9][10] Radiopaque uroliths in the urethra of the cat can be challenging to differentiate from the os penis. In a previous study, the os penis was identified in 19/50 cats with computed radiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT characterisation of the feline os penis

Restrepo

Altuzarra

Espada

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of identification and to describe the CT features of the os penis in cats without genitourinary disorders. Methods CT studies from cats that underwent an abdominal or pelvic examination between October 2013 and May 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Cats with no signs of urinary disease and with the external genitalia included in the scan were recruited. Length, width, height and pre- and post-contrast attenuation values of the os penis in soft tissue and bone algorithms were measured independently by two observers. Results Twenty-three cats met the inclusion criteria. A cylindrical bone-attenuating structure inside the glans penis compatible with the os penis was visible in 20/23 (87%) cats. Mean length, width and height values were 3.48 mm × 1.41 mm × 1.37 mm in the soft tissue algorithm, and 3.26 mm × 1.15 mm × 1.06 mm in bone algorithm. The size of the os penis was not significantly different in neutered vs intact cats, but it was significantly larger in soft tissue vs bone algorithm. Age and body weight did not influence os penis size. Pre-contrast mean ± SD attenuation was 216.7 ± 69.5 Hounsfield units (HU) for soft tissue and 320.1 ± 135.9 HU for bone algorithms. Post-contrast attenuation was 289.1 ± 68.8 HU for soft tissue and 383.4 ± 130.9 HU for bone algorithms. A significant correlation between the attenuation in bone algorithm with body weight was noted, where the os penis was less attenuating with increased body weight (pre-contrast: r = –0.479; P = 0.038). Conclusions and relevance The feline os penis is commonly seen on CT images, being more frequently detected than on radiographs. Its presence should not be mistaken for uroliths in the penile urethra.

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Special Considerations in Cats

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2022

Small Animal Fluid Therapy

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Associations between increased body condition score, bodyweight, age and breed with urethral obstruction in male castrated cats

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of a struvite dissolution diet in cats with naturally occurring struvite urolithiasis

Effect of a struvite dissolution diet in cats with naturally occurring struvite urolithiasis

CT characterisation of the feline os penis

Special Considerations in Cats

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