Association of Vitamin D With Prostate Carcinoma: A Single Institutional Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Recent studies highlight a role for vitamin D (VD) in the growth and differentiation of various cell types. The biologically active form of vitamin D3 is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Most cells of the body including prostate cells have vitamin D receptor (VDR) and VD metabolizing enzymes, and can respond to 1,25-VD. Literature supports multipronged effects of 1,25-VD in the prevention of prostate carcinoma development and progression. However, the relationship between prostate carcinoma and VD is still not entirely understood. There are no studies conducted on the association of VD and prostate carcinoma among the Asian population and our study is the first of its kind in literature and hence the need for the same.

Association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer: Prospective case-control study

“…Thus, it was observed that there is no clear association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer. This observation was contrary to the study carried out by Choubey et al 15 where they found that the cases had lower vitamin D levels (10.1 ± 6.4 ng/mL) but the controls had normal vitamin D levels (23.2 ± 8.9 ng/mL). A retrospective analysis by Yaturu et al 16 involving 479 cases and 473 controls also suggested that there was no statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D level and prostate cancer as levels of serum vitamin D were 47.2 ± 6.8 ng/mL and 47.1 ± 7.11 ng/mL in cases and controls, respectively.…”

“…Thus, it was observed that there is no clear association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer. This observation was contrary to the study carried out by Choubey et al 15 where they found that the cases had lower vitamin D levels (10.1 ± 6.4 ng/mL) but the controls had normal vitamin D levels (23.2 ± 8.9 ng/mL).…”

“…This finding is just opposite to what we have observed in the present study. None of the studies has clearly demonstrated an association between prostate carcinoma and vitamin D levels, except a prospective analysis by Choubey et al 15 on an Indian population involving 86 cases (66 patients and 20 controls) that demonstrated a significant association between low serum vitamin D level and prostate cancer.…”

How competing risks affect the epidemiological relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer incidence? A population‐based study

“…Many cross‐sectional and retrospective studies associate vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency with prostate cancer mortality and, specifically, with aggressive prostate cancer (Choubey et al, 2017; Kumawat et al, 2021; Murphy et al, 2014; Özman et al, 2021; Xie et al, 2017). This association appears to be valid in middle‐income countries but not necessarily as evident in high‐income countries (Stanaland et al, 2017; Trump et al, 2009; Yaturu et al, 2012).…”