Association of ultra-processed foods consumption with risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Guo, Li; Tang, Guo; Yang, Bo; Yu, Neng-Wei; Li, C.; Guo, Fuqiang

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.005

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Additionally, as this is an observational study, we cannot assume causality in the observed associations. Finally, none of the DQ scores included the global intake of ultra-processed food, which is an emerging risk factor for developing CVD ( 65 ) and therefore could be linked to cIMT. Further research could investigate a DP capturing intake of ultra-processed food and cIMT and PWV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of childhood diet quality scores with arterial stiffness and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adolescence/early adulthood: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

Buckland,

Northstone,

Emmett

et al. 2024

Br J Nutr

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This study examined the relationship between childhood diet quality and arterial stiffness and thickness during adolescence/early adulthood. Participants were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) with dietary data at ages 7, 10 and 13 years and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) at ages 17 and/or 24 years. Diet quality (DQ) was assessed using five scores: a children’s Mediterranean-style diet (C-rMED) Z-score, a children’s Dietary Inflammatory Z-score (C-DIS), a DASH diet Z-score, a children’s Eatwell Guide (C-EWG) Z-score reflecting UK dietary guidelines and a data-driven obesogenic Z-score. Adjusted regression models examined the associations between DQ scores at 7–13 years and PWV and cIMT at 17 and 24 years. In adjusted models, a high v. low Obesogenic Z-score at 7 and 10 years was associated with higher PWV at 17: β 0.07 (95 % CI 0.01, 0.13) and β 0.10 (95 % CI 0.04, 0.16), respectively. A high v. low C-rMED Z-score at 7 years was associated with lower PWV at 17 (β −0.07; 95 % CI −0.14, −0.01). A high (more anti-inflammatory) vs low C-DIS Z-score at 10 years was associated with a lower PWV at 17 years: β −0.06 (95 % CI −0.12, −0.01). No other associations were observed. In conclusion, an Obesogenic dietary pattern in childhood (7–10 years) was related to increased arterial stiffness, while Mediterranean-style and anti-inflammatory diets were related to decreased arterial stiffness in adolescence. This highlights the importance of establishing healthy dietary habits early in life to protect against vascular damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of childhood diet quality scores with arterial stiffness and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adolescence/early adulthood: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

Buckland,

Northstone,

Emmett

et al. 2024

Br J Nutr

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show abstract

“…Published meta-analyses have reported an association between UPF and cardiovascular events and cardio-cerebrovascular disease, 17 , 18 though with some details not fully mined. For example, UPF dose–response on major types of CVDs and grouping by different consumption units of UPF were not fully analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Qu,

Hu,

Huang

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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“…Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are industrial formulations made from modified and unmodified substances extracted from foods, which include few or no whole foods (1). These products result from intensive industrial processing and contain food additives such as preservatives, emulsifiers, flavorings, bulking agents, among others, which are used to extend the product's shelf life and improve its sensory qualities (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Most UPFs are characterized by high energy density, being rich in saturated fats, refined starches, free sugars, and salt, and low in dietary fiber, proteins, and micronutrients (4,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-processed foods consumption and health-related outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Aramburu,

Alvarado-Gamarra,

Cornejo

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionThe increase in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake has raised concerns about its impact on public health. Prospective observational studies have reported significant associations between higher intake of UPFs and adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study is to determine whether these associations could be confirmed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsWe conducted a systematic review to analyze the evidence on the effects of UPFs intake on health. A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and CENTRAL up to April 22, 2024. RCTs in English, Spanish, and Portuguese evaluating the health effects of interventions to modify UPFs intake were included. The certainty of evidence was determined using the GRADE methodology.ResultsThree educational intervention studies and one controlled feeding trial were included, evaluating the effect of reducing the consumption of UPFs (455 participants, median follow-up, 12 weeks). No significant effects were observed in 30 out of the 42 outcomes evaluated. The controlled feeding trial in adults with stable weight showed a reduction in energy intake, carbohydrates, and fat (low certainty of evidence), as well as in body weight, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol (moderate certainty of evidence). In the educational intervention studies, a reduction in body weight and waist circumference was observed (low certainty of evidence) in women with obesity, as well as improvement in some dimensions of quality of life (very low certainty of evidence). No significant changes were observed in children and adolescents with obesity, while in overweight pregnant women, the consumption of UPFs was not reduced, so the observed benefits could be attributed to other components of the intervention.ConclusionInterventions aimed at reducing the consumption of UPFs showed benefits on some anthropometric and dietary intake outcomes, although significant effects were not observed for most of the evaluated outcomes. The limited number and significant methodological limitations of the studies prevent definitive conclusions. Further well-designed and conducted RCTs are needed to understand the effects of UPF consumption on health.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023469984

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Association of ultra-processed foods consumption with risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

Associations of childhood diet quality scores with arterial stiffness and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adolescence/early adulthood: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

Associations of childhood diet quality scores with arterial stiffness and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adolescence/early adulthood: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Ultra-processed foods consumption and health-related outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

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