Association of Twelve Candidate Gene Polymorphisms with the Intramuscular Fat Content and Average Backfat Thickness of Chinese Suhuai Pigs

Simple Summary: Most studies on dietary fiber mainly focus on the digestibility of feed nutrients and microbial flora, etc. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the regulation of immune and oxidative stress of the intestinal tract by dietary fiber. This study investigated the effects of varying levels of defatted rice bran replacing corn on physiological, intestinal barrier, and oxidative stress parameters in finishing pigs. Based on the current findings, a high diet of rice bran will not only reduce the level of inflammatory factors in the peripheral blood of finishing pigs, but also enhance the healthy level of the colon through mucin2 and keap1-Nrf2 pathways. Our results can be used as reference for dietary rice bran to improve intestinal health in finishing pigs.Abstract: Rice bran is a waste product with low cost and high fiber content, giving it an added advantage over corn and soybean meal, which have to be purchased and always at a relatively higher cost. Under the background of increased attention to sustainable agriculture, it is significant to find alternative uses for this byproduct. A total of 35 finishing pigs were allotted to five dietary treatments: a control group with basal diet and four experimental diets where corn was equivalently substituted by 7%, 14%, 21%, and 28% defatted rice bran (DFRB), respectively. With increasing levels of DFRB, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) linearly decreased (p < 0.05). In the jejunum, the mRNA level of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) exhibited a quadratic response (p < 0.01) with incremental levels of DFRB. In the colon, the mRNA levels of mucin 2 (MUC2), Nrf2, and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) were upregulated (linear, p < 0.05) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was upregulated (linear, p < 0.01). Overall, using DFRB to replace corn decreased the inflammatory biomarkers of serum and showed potential function in modulating the intestinal barrier by upregulating the mRNA expression levels of MUC2 and downregulating that of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 in the colon.

Section: Experimental Animals and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defatted Rice Bran Supplementation in Diets of Finishing Pigs: Effects on Physiological, Intestinal Barrier, and Oxidative Stress Parameters

Fan

Huang

et al. 2020

“…We found that the litter size of EHL and MS pigs were significantly higher than that of SH and TPE-L pigs. SH pig population is a unique cultivar possessing ancestries of Chinese Huai pig and British Yorkshire pig [13]. There are only a few related studies on reproductive traits for SH pig breed [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this research, a total of 10 pig populations including the Eastern Chinese Jianghai pig breeds (EHL, MS and JXH), the Southern Chinese pig breeds (BMX and WZS), Chinese cultivated Suhuai (SH) pigs, which contains approximately 25% Chinese Huai pigs and 75% British Yorkshire pigs ancestries [13], Chinese lean-type Taiwanese Landrace pigs (TPE-L), Western commercial pigs including Canadian Yorkshire (CAN-Y) pigs, American Yorkshire (USA-Y) pigs and French Yorkshire (FRA-Y) pigs were used to study whether the rs339939442 in the AHR gene is polymorphic and associated with the litter size in Chinese and Western pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Rs339939442 in the AHR Gene with Litter Size are Inconsistent among Chinese Indigenous Pigs and Western Commercial Pigs

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2019

Eastern and Southern Chinese pigs have been imported to Western countries to improve economic traits including fertility in Western pig breeds by intensive selecting Chinese advantage genes. It was reported that the selected Asian-derived non-synonymous mutations including rs339939442 (G > T) in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene could increase litter size in multiple European commercial lines. The objective of this study is to identify whether rs339939442 in the AHR gene is polymorphic and has an influence on the litter size in 10 pig populations including five Chinese indigenous breeds, one cultivated breed, one lean-type breed, two North American lean-type breeds, and one European lean-type breed. We found that rs339939442 had polymorphism in all 10 populations, whereas rs339939442 was associated with litter size only in French Yorkshire (FRA-Y) and Chinese cultivated Suhuai (SH) pigs containing approximately 75% British Yorkshire pigs ancestry. Our results indicated that rs339939442 in the AHR gene was a potential marker to improve litter size in European commercial lines and the pigs containing ancestries of European commercial lines, whereas this locus maybe not a causal mutation affecting the litter size but only in linkage disequilibrium with the causal mutation for litter size.

“…Chinese Suhuai pig is a newly cultivated breed, which contains approximately 25% Chinese Huai and 75% Large White ancestries. Suhuai pig inherits high tolerance to coarse feed from Chinese Huai pig and high lean meat yield from Large White [17,18]. At present, more than 10,000 Suhuai sows are raised in over 20 provinces in China [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suhuai pig inherits high tolerance to coarse feed from Chinese Huai pig and high lean meat yield from Large White [17,18]. At present, more than 10,000 Suhuai sows are raised in over 20 provinces in China [18]. Since Large White has more RIB and larger CBC than Chinese indigenous pigs, we speculated that there are phenotypic variations of RIB and CBC within Suhuai pig populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism of VRTN Gene g.20311_20312ins291 Was Associated with the Number of Ribs, Carcass Diagonal Length and Cannon Bone Circumference in Suhuai Pigs

Jiang

Liu

Lan

et al. 2020

Simple Summary: An increase in the number of ribs (RIB) could improve carcass length (CL) and body size. Cannon bone circumference (CBC) is a pivotal body size trait, and a large CBC could enhance the capacity to bear excessive body weight, vigorous exercise, and resistance to injuries. Several researchers showed that the vertnin (VRTN) gene g.20311_20312ins291 (NC_010449.5 7: g.20311_20312ins291) is an important variant that is related to RIB and CL of Western pigs. However, it is unknown whether this variant could affect the CBC of pigs. Our study showed that this variant was significantly associated with RIB, carcass diagonal length (CDL), and CBC in Suhuai pigs; therefore, it could be used as a potential molecular marker for improving RIB, CDL, and CBC in this breed. Abstract:The vertnin (VRTN) gene g.20311_20312ins291 was reported as an important variant related to the number of ribs (RIB), and the ins/ins genotype was advantageous for improving RIB of Western pigs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the VRTN gene g.20311_20312ins291 influences RIB, carcass traits, and body size traits, including cannon bone circumference (CBC) in Chinese Suhuai pigs. We found that the VRTN gene g.20311_20312ins291 was polymorphic in Suhuai fattening pigs and gilts. The polymorphism of g.20311_20312ins291 was significantly associated with RIB and CDL in Suhuai fattening pigs (p < 0.01), whereas this variant had no influence on carcass weight (CWT). There was a tendency of association between this variant and carcass straight length (CSL) in Suhuai fattening pigs (p = 0.06). The polymorphism of g.20311_20312ins291 was also significantly associated with CBC in Suhuai gilts (p = 0.04). Furthermore, CBC was positively genetically correlated with body length (0.22, p < 0.01) and body weight (0.15, p < 0.01). Our results indicated that the VRTN gene g.20311_20312ins291 could be used as a potential marker for improving RIB, CDL, and CBC in Suhuai pigs.