Association of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Chili Leaf Curl Virus with Leaf Curl Disease of Radish and the Synergistic Interaction on Nicotiana benthamiana

Abstract

Leaf yellowing and rolling with slight crinkling was observed in radish plants in Oman, indicative of a begomovirus infection. Viral sequences from radish were 99% identical to sequences of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), from Oman. No beta-or alpha-satellites were detected. Infectious clones were developed and infectivity analyses of isolated viruses were done in a model host Nicotiana benthamiana. Both viruses, when inoculated separately, produced typical symptoms; however, symptom severity increased when these viruses were co-inoculated. Southern analyses confirmed that virus accumulation was high when both viruses were inoculated as compared to independent inoculation. Realtime qPCR analyses showed that copy number of both viruses was 1 X 10 6 copies when N. benthamiana plants were inoculated with either TYLCV or ChiLCV; however, the copy number increased to 1 X 10 8 copies when the two viruses were co-inoculated together in N. benthamiana.

Frequent occurrence of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in tomato leaf curl disease affected tomato in Oman

“…The sequences of six clones (Tom 26–12, Tom 30–19, Tom 31–23, Tom 32–30, Tom 34–34 and Tom 35–26) obtained from RCA product digested with Hind lll showed the highest levels (98.8 to 100%) of sequence identity to two ChiLCV isolates available in the databases; HG969264 isolated from radish originating from Oman 34 and KX787939 isolated from watermelon originating from Oman 35 . In a phylogenetic analysis these sequence segregated with the sequences of ChiLCV isolates previously obtained from Oman (Fig.…”

Conservation and Dispersion of Genes Conferring Resistance to Tomato Begomoviruses between Tomato and Pepper Genomes

“…Furthermore, several other begomoviruses including Chilli leaf curl India virus, Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus and Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) have been found to co-infect the pepper plants along with ChLCV under field conditions (Khan et al, 2006 ; Fortes et al, 2016 ; Srivastava et al, 2017 ). In fact, synergistic interactions between different begomoviruses infecting pepper have been reported to cause breakdown of natural resistance in the host plant (Singh et al, 2016 ; Al-Shihi et al, 2017 ).…”