Association of the estrogen receptor gene Pvu II restriction polymorphism with expected progeny differences for reproductive and performance traits in swine herds in Brazil
Abstract:Estrogen has an important function in swine reproduction and growth. A Pvu II restriction enzyme polymorphism has been proven to be an important genetic variation in the estrogen receptor gene (ESR) and may be considered as a candidate gene for use in pig production but there is no data regarding the prevalence of this polymorphism in the Brazilian pig population. We used DNA samples from the following three purebred pig breeds: Large White (336 females and 26 males), Landrace (304 females and 27 males) and Pi… Show more
“…The named authors conclude that under the conditions of their experiment, carriers of the B allele could not realize their genetic potential. Similar results were obtained in the work of Santana et al (2006), the A allele of the ESR1/PvuII marker had a positive effect on increasing the litter size of piglets in the Brazilian Large White breed sows. Previously, in the study of van Rens et al (2002), conducted on crossbred sows (Large White x Meishan), the superiority of animals with the ESR1 АВ and ESR1 АА genotypes over individuals with the ESR1 ВВ genotype was established in terms of the number of piglets.…”
The growth and development of pigs is determined by their genotype and environmental conditions (primarily the level of feeding), however, the number of works aimed at studying the complex influence of genetic and non-genetic factors in their interaction is currently insufficient. The purpose of our work was to estimate the effect of the MC4R genotype, feeding level and interaction of these factors on growth and backfat thickness of crossbred pigs and to investigate the possibility of correcting the melanocortin-4-receptor gene polymorphism effect by adjusting the ration. Studies were conducted on 50 gilts obtained by crossing sows of the large white breed with landrace boars. Experimental pigs at the "Maxi 2010" farm were weighed at birth, then at the age of 28 days (at weaning) and at the age of 4, 6, 8 months. Fat thickness was measured at the age of 4, 6, 8 months. Genetic studies were conducted in a certified laboratory of Institute of Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production. Analysis of 50 blood samples revealed that this group of pigs had a sufficient level of polymorphism for research (Polymorphism Information Content was equil 0.35). The frequency of genotype distribution at the MC4R / SNP c.1426 G>A locus was 0.06 (AA) : 0.58 (GA) : 0.36 (GG). The type of feeding significantly influenced the live weight at the age of 4 months and the average daily gains of experimental pigs over the period of 28–120 days. Starting at the age of 6 months a significant effect of the interaction of organized factors (feeding + genotype) was recorded. At the age of 6 months, a significant influence of both the genotype and the level of feeding on the backfat thickness was established. Animals with the GG genotype receiving a restricted feed ration had significantly lower backfat thickness. At the age of 8 months, the difference in backfat thickness between the group with the GG genotype (restricted feed ration) and the AG genotype (high level feeding) reached a value of 12.9% (2.0 mm). Animals with the AG genotype had the lowest performance and the greatest fat thickness under feed limitation, which is important for raising young pigs for subsequent reproduction. Therefore, when selecting pigs to be used for further reproduction, the desired genotype is GG. In the future, it will be desirable to repeat the study on a larger number of pigs, so that the experiment involves a sufficient number of animals with the MC4R AA genotype for statistical processing.
“…The named authors conclude that under the conditions of their experiment, carriers of the B allele could not realize their genetic potential. Similar results were obtained in the work of Santana et al (2006), the A allele of the ESR1/PvuII marker had a positive effect on increasing the litter size of piglets in the Brazilian Large White breed sows. Previously, in the study of van Rens et al (2002), conducted on crossbred sows (Large White x Meishan), the superiority of animals with the ESR1 АВ and ESR1 АА genotypes over individuals with the ESR1 ВВ genotype was established in terms of the number of piglets.…”
The growth and development of pigs is determined by their genotype and environmental conditions (primarily the level of feeding), however, the number of works aimed at studying the complex influence of genetic and non-genetic factors in their interaction is currently insufficient. The purpose of our work was to estimate the effect of the MC4R genotype, feeding level and interaction of these factors on growth and backfat thickness of crossbred pigs and to investigate the possibility of correcting the melanocortin-4-receptor gene polymorphism effect by adjusting the ration. Studies were conducted on 50 gilts obtained by crossing sows of the large white breed with landrace boars. Experimental pigs at the "Maxi 2010" farm were weighed at birth, then at the age of 28 days (at weaning) and at the age of 4, 6, 8 months. Fat thickness was measured at the age of 4, 6, 8 months. Genetic studies were conducted in a certified laboratory of Institute of Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production. Analysis of 50 blood samples revealed that this group of pigs had a sufficient level of polymorphism for research (Polymorphism Information Content was equil 0.35). The frequency of genotype distribution at the MC4R / SNP c.1426 G>A locus was 0.06 (AA) : 0.58 (GA) : 0.36 (GG). The type of feeding significantly influenced the live weight at the age of 4 months and the average daily gains of experimental pigs over the period of 28–120 days. Starting at the age of 6 months a significant effect of the interaction of organized factors (feeding + genotype) was recorded. At the age of 6 months, a significant influence of both the genotype and the level of feeding on the backfat thickness was established. Animals with the GG genotype receiving a restricted feed ration had significantly lower backfat thickness. At the age of 8 months, the difference in backfat thickness between the group with the GG genotype (restricted feed ration) and the AG genotype (high level feeding) reached a value of 12.9% (2.0 mm). Animals with the AG genotype had the lowest performance and the greatest fat thickness under feed limitation, which is important for raising young pigs for subsequent reproduction. Therefore, when selecting pigs to be used for further reproduction, the desired genotype is GG. In the future, it will be desirable to repeat the study on a larger number of pigs, so that the experiment involves a sufficient number of animals with the MC4R AA genotype for statistical processing.
“…The positive effect of allele B on total number born (TNB) or NBA was identified in synthetic lines and in European breeds (Southwood et al, 1995;Rothschild et al, 1996;Short et al, 1997;Chen et al, 2000;Horogh et al, 2005). However, a favorable effect of allele A on NBA was observed in Large White pigs (Van Rens et al, 2002;Goliasova and Wolf, 2004;Santana et al, 2006). Other studies were not able to find any association between the ESR1-PvuII polymorphism and litter size (Depuydt et al, 1999;Drögemüller et al, 2001;Linville et al, 2001;Gibson et al, 2002;Isler et al, 2002;Kmiec et al, 2002;Noguera et al, 2003;Muñoz et al, 2007).…”
Many studies have reported that markers in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) genes are associated with litter size in pigs, even if inconsistent results have been obtained in different populations. We analysed the ESR1 PvuII and the ESR2 AF164957:c.949G>A polymorphisms in Italian Large White (ITLW) sows to evaluate if these markers are associated with number of piglets born alive at first litter (NBA1). First, both polymorphisms were genotyped by selective genotyping in a total of 440 sows chosen according to the extreme and divergent estimated breeding value (EBV) for NBA1 (220 sows with low EBV and 220 sows with high EBV). For the ESR1 polymorphism, no allele and genotype frequency differences were observed between the two groups (allele A=0.62 and allele B=0.38 in both two groups). For the ESR2 polymorphism, a trend of different allele frequency between the two tails was identified (P=0.052). However, no significant association between the same ESR2 marker and EBV NBA1 was detected analyzing 1772 ITLW sows (allele A=0.59 and allele G=0.41). As the two investigated polymorphisms were not associated with NBA1 EBVs, they seem not useful for marker assisted selection to improve this trait in the ITLW breed.
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