Association of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index With Short-Term Mortality of Congestive Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Purpose: The present study aimed to clarify the potential predictive significance of Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in assessing the poor prognosis of critically ill patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods: Detailed clinical data were extracted from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III database after gaining access and building the local platform. The 30- and 90-day and hospital all-cause mortalities of the patient was the primary outcome, and the readmission rate and the occurrence of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs) were the secondary outcomes. the Cox proportional hazard model and Logistic regression analysis were selected to reveal the relationship between SII level and the research outcome. Further, the propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to improve the reliability of results by reducing the imbalance across groups.Results: There were a total of 4,606 subjects who passed the screening process and entered the subsequent analysis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that after adjusting for possible confounders, including age, heart rate, and albumin, etc., the high level of SII was independently associated with 30- and 90-day and hospital mortalities (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR, 95% CIs: 1.23, 1.04-1.45; 1.21, 1.06-1.39; 1.26, 1.05-1.50) and the incidence of MACEs (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: OR, 95% CI: 1.39, 1.12-1.73) in critically ill patients with CHF, but no significant correlation was found between SII and the readmission rate. Consistently, patients with high SII level still presented a significantly higher short-term mortality than patients with low SII in the PSM subset.Conclusion: In critically ill patients with CHF, high level of SII could effectively predict high 30- and 90-day and hospital mortalities, as well as the high risk of occurrence of MACEs.

Prognostic Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index among Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…HCC patients with SII ≥ 330 × 10 9 /L had higher recurrence rates and shorter survival time than patients with SII < 330 × 10 9 /L. In a retrospective cohort study of 4606 critically ill patients with CHF, high levels of SII could effectively predict high 30- and 90-day and hospital mortalities, as well as the high risk of occurrence of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs) [ 16 ]. In a study of 4381 patients, Jiang et al [ 19 ] demonstrated that elevated SII levels were independently associated with increased risk of CI-AKI in patients undergoing coronary angiography.…”

“…Based on PLT, neutrophils and lymphocytes, SII has the advantage of low cost and convenience and can simultaneously reflect the inflammatory and immune status of patients [ 15 ]. Its role in predicting clinical outcomes in cardiovascular disease [ 16 , 17 ], malignancy survival [ 15 , 18 ] and the incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) [ 19 ] has been demonstrated. Despite these observations, to the best of our knowledge, no epidemiological study to date has explored the prognostic effect of the SII in critically ill patients with AKI.…”

Neutrophil Counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) Predict Mortality after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

“…Researchers have already described it as a prognostic marker in appendicitis [ 65 ], coronary artery disease [ 66 ] and neoplasms [ 67 , 68 ]. Patients with a high level of SII had a significantly higher mortality rate than those with a low SII [ 69 ].…”

Long-term prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers for patients with acute heart failure: Construction of an inflammatory prognostic scoring system

“…Among patients with myocardial infarction, an increased NEU could be used to predict the development of AHF ( 38 ), while both a decreased and an increased PLT were associated with an increased mortality in a “U”-shaped relationship ( 16 ). CBC-derived parameters such as NLR, PLR, LMR and SII have also been extensively studied and proven to be highly-sensitive biomarkers of the disease, which could reveal the alterations in the immunological balance due to various pathologies and were shown to be associated with the prognosis in patients with AHF ( 18 – 21 , 39 ).…”