Association of Smoking With Periodontal Treatment Needs

Goultschin, J; Cohen, Harold D. Sgan; Donchin, Milka; Brayer, L.; Soskolne, A

doi:10.1902/jop.1990.61.6.364

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[12][13][14][15] Risk assessment based on an increasing body of investigations over the past few years suggests that tobacco-attributable risk odds ratios (OR) range between 2.5 and 6.0 7,15,16 or are even over 6.0 in heavy smokers (e.g., > 20 cigarettes/day). 15 The findings provided by Tomar and Asma, 7 based on data from the NHANES III study, may be considered a strong body of evidence of smoking as a risk factor for periodontal diseases.…”

Section: Smoking and Periodontal Tissues Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and periodontal tissues: a review

et al. 2012

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The impact of smoking on general health has been widely studied and is directly related to several important medical problems including cancer, low birth weight, and pulmonary and cardiovascular disease. In the past 25 years, there has also been an increasing awareness of the role of cigarette consumption in oral health problems such as periodontal disease. Smoking is considered the major risk factor in the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontal diseases. This article will discuss the available evidence and provide the reader with an overview of the impact of smoking and its cessation on the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal diseases.

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Section: Smoking and Periodontal Tissues Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and periodontal tissues: a review

et al. 2012

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“…Smoking has been shown to be another significant risk factor for periodontitis (22)(23)(24)(25) and is reported to be more common among First Nation populations (6,7). Tobacco users in general have a higher occurrence rate and faster progress of periodontal attachment loss and demonstrate impaired healing after treatment (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal health status of the Sandy Bay First Nation in Manitoba, Canada

Brothwell

Ghiabi

2009

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Objectives. To determine the distribution and determinants of periodontal health in adult members of the Sandy Bay First Nation in Manitoba, Canada. Study design. Cross-sectional study based on face-to-face interviews and oral examinations. Methods. Face-to-face interviews and oral examinations were performed on a convenience sample of 07 individuals to assess Debris Index, Calculus Index, Gingival Index and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to find variables significantly associated with 2 outcome variables: dichotomous mean CAL (≤2.5mm and >2.5mm) and dichotomous severe periodontitis. Variables found to be significantly associated with either of the outcome variables were entered into logistic regression analysis to look for significant independent effects (P<0.05). Results. The mean age for the sample was 6. (SD .6). The mean CAL for the group was 1.44mm (SD 1.14), with age-specific CAL (SD) values of 1.08 (0.69), 1.18 (0.97), 2.05 (1.57) and .0 (0.95) for subjects aged 8-7, 8-7, 8-47 and 48 years or above, respectively. Of the individuals studied, 4.6% suffered from moderate periodontitis, whereas .4% suffered from either localized or generalized severe periodontitis. Of the variables tested, tooth brushing frequency (p<0.05), flossing (p=0.001), Calculus Index (p=0.001), Gingival Index (p<0.05), age (p<0.05), diabetes (p<0.05) and DMFS (p<0.05) were found to be significantly associated with mean CAL, whereas, sex (p<0.05), tooth brushing frequency (p<0.05), Calculus Index (p<0.005), age (p<0.005) and DMFS (p<0.05) were found to be significantly associated with severe periodontitis. Age, tooth brushing frequency and flossing were found to have significant independent effects on mean CAL and severe periodontitis using logistic regression analysis. Conclusions. Considering the high prevalence of periodontitis in this population, expanded availability of community-based dental services is urgently needed.

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“…The multifactorial mechanism may include alterations in the immune response, such as decreases in the phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes [41], [42] and reduction in the production of immunoglobulins [43]. Reduction in gingival blood flow as a result of smoking is also a possible contributing factor [44], [45]. Finally, orthodontic treatment has been implicated in the development of gingival recessions [46]- [51].…”

Section: Gingival Recession In Orthodontics: a Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival Recession in Orthodontics: A Review

Shah

Goje

et al. 2017

Adv. J. Grad. Res.

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By clinical definition, gingival recession refers to the exposure of the root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. Recession is important because it can lead to poor esthetics, tooth hypersensitivity, loss of periodontal support, difficulties in maintenance of oral hygiene, and increased susceptibility to caries. Although its etiology is not fully understood, periodontal disease and mechanical trauma are considered the primary factors in the pathogenesis of gingival recession. Orthodontic treatment might also promote the development of gingival recessions. It has been well established that orthodontic forces can move roots close to or through the alveolar cortical plates, leading to bone dehiscence. In such instances, the marginal gingiva, without proper alveolar bone support, might be expected to migrate apically and lead to root exposure. This assumption is based on the fact that in areas of recession, a subjacent alveolar bone dehiscence is always present.

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Association of Smoking With Periodontal Treatment Needs

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Smoking and periodontal tissues: a review

Smoking and periodontal tissues: a review

Periodontal health status of the Sandy Bay First Nation in Manitoba, Canada

Gingival Recession in Orthodontics: A Review

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