Association of FGF‐19 and FGF‐21 levels with primary sarcopenia

Abstract

Serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19 and FGF-21 levels have been reported to be associated with muscle hemostasis. This study aims to explore the relationship between the levels of these markers and sarcopenia.Methods: In our single-center, cross-sectional study, patients over 65 years old presenting to the geriatric outpatient clinic were included. Patients with secondary sarcopenia were excluded. The Strength-Assistance with walking-Rising from a chair-Climbing stairs and Falls (SARC-F) questionnaire was applied to all patients. Sarcopenia was determined by handgrip strength (HGS), bioelectrical impedance analysis and 6-m walk test. Serum samples were stored at À80 C until measurement. The ELISA method was used to assess FGF-19 and FGF-21 levels.Results: In total, 88 patients (54 women) were included. There were 43 patients in the sarcopenia group and 45 patients without sarcopenia in the control group. In those with sarcopenia, FGF-19 was lower (P = 0.04) and FGF-21 was higher (P = 0.021). There was a direct correlation between FGF-19 with SARC-F and HGS (P = 0.04, B = 0.178, P = 0.006, B = 0.447) while FGF-21 was inversely correlated with HGS and positively correlated with 6-m walking time (P = 0.016, B = À0.428, P = 0.004, B = 0.506). Conclusions:Our results reveal that low FGF-19 and high FGF-21 may be associated with sarcopenia and this finding could be explained by the impacted muscle strength. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 959-962.

Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age

“…Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) has significant regenerative, metabolic, and anti-inflammatory properties associated with skeletal muscle growth and hypertrophy [ 245 , 246 , 247 ], while low levels of FGF19 are associated with sarcopenia [ 248 ]. FGF19 reverts obesity-induced muscle atrophy and restores irisin levels [ 249 ], thus playing a role in improving skeletal muscle health.…”

Exploring the correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor-21 levels and Sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“… Was appropriate statistical analysis used? Lu L (2017) [ 20 ] √ √ √ √ √ × × √ √ √ Li C W 2019 [ 6 ] √ √ √ √ √ × / √ √ √ Bag S R 2021 [ 23 ] √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Jung H W 2021 [ 21 ] √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Ofazoglu U 2022 [ 24 ] √ √ √ √ √ × × √ / √ √= Yes; ×= No; /=Unclear; -=Not applicable …”

The critical impact of traumatic muscle loss on fracture healing: Basic science and clinical aspects

“…75 This growth factor is a downstream product in the unfolded protein response, leading to systemic inflammation and sarcopenia in the aging population. 76 Studies demonstrated that while aerobic exercise increases the expression of FGF-21, inactivity decreases its expression in skeletal muscle. 77 FGF-21 hinders osteogenesis through negatively influencing osteoblasts and inducing adipogenesis from bone marrow.…”

“…Fibroblast growth factor‐21 (FGF‐21) is a myokine that is mainly linked with glucose and lipid metabolism through activating the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) pathway 75 . This growth factor is a downstream product in the unfolded protein response, leading to systemic inflammation and sarcopenia in the aging population 76 . Studies demonstrated that while aerobic exercise increases the expression of FGF‐21, inactivity decreases its expression in skeletal muscle 77 .…”