Association of Poor Postnatal Growth with Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Infancy and Childhood: Comparing the Fetus and the Healthy Preterm Infant References

Cordova, Erika G.; Cherkerzian, Sara; Bell, Katherine; Joung, Kyoung Eun; Collins, Carmel T; Makrides, Maria; Gould, Jacqueline F; Anderson, Peter J.; Belfort, Mandy B.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.063

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The matched timing suggests that preceding clinical practices may impact gut microbiome succession which changes infant HCG trajectories; this relationship is defined as mediation and the interactions between these three factors (clinical variables, the gut microbiome and infant HCG) will thus be examined in further detail. Preterm infant HCG trajectory was assessed as the difference in head circumference z-score from birth to 36 weeks PMA by the Fenton growth curve, 14 , 39 and study groups were stratified by 0.5 interval losses in z-score: AHCGT (≥0.5), mildly SHCGT (<0.5–1), moderately SHCGT (<1-1.5), and severely SHCGT (<1.5). Alterations in α-diversity between study groups were first considered using ANOVA on multivariate regression with PMA as a covariate and patient as a random effect, but no significant differences were found (Table S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae integration into the gut microbiome at key time points in early life are linked to infant neurodevelopment

et al. 2021

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae integration into the gut microbiome at key time points in early life are linked to infant neurodevelopment

et al. 2021

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“…This study not only determined that β-diversity of the gut microbiome signi cantly differentiated infants with SHCGT from AHCGT, but also that the key time point when most faecal microbial taxa exhibited a shift in mean abundance of 30 weeks PMA matched the onset of signi cant SHCGT. Preterm infant HCG trajectory was assessed as the difference in HCZ from birth to 36 weeks PMA by the Fenton growth curve [14,42], and study groups were strati ed by 0.5 interval losses in HCZ: AHCGT (≥0.5), mildly SHCGT (<0.5-1), moderately SHCGT (<1-1.5) and severely SHCGT (<1.5). Alterations in α-diversity between study groups were rst considered using ANOVA on multivariate regression with PMA as a covariate and patient as a random effect, but no signi cant differences were found [see Additional le 9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a vital need to identify modi able environmental factors for reducing the incidence of developmental impairments at a time point early enough for successful intervention. Thus, it was the aim of this study to determine if infant gut microbiome composition was associated with HCG, the earliest marker of neurodevelopment [13,14]. This study is the rst to show that β-diversity of the gut microbiome was signi cantly distinct between infants with AHCGT versus any SHCGT, and that reduced abundances of Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae were speci cally associated with SHCGT independent of concurrent morbidities and caloric restriction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae Integration Into the Gut Microbiome at Key Time Points in Early Life are Critical for Neurodevelopment

Oliphant

Ali

D’Souza

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The early life microbiome plays critical roles in host development, shaping long-term outcomes including brain functioning. It is not known which initial infant colonizers elicit optimal neurodevelopment; thus, this study investigated the association between gut microbiome succession from the first week of life and head circumference growth (HCG), the earliest validated marker for neurodevelopment. Faecal samples were collected weekly from a preterm infant cohort during their neonatal intensive care unit stay and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing for evaluating gut microbiome composition, in conjunction with clinical data and head circumference measurements. Results: Preterm infants with suboptimal HCG trajectories had a depletion in the abundance/prevalence of Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae, independent of morbidity and caloric restriction. The severity of gut microbiome depletion matched the timing of significant HCG pattern separation between study groups at 30 weeks postmenstrual age. Consideration of the clinical variables indicated that optimal infant microbiome succession is primarily driven by dispersal limitation (i.e., delivery mode) and secondarily by habitat filtering (i.e., antibiotics and enteral feeding). Conclusions: Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae are known core taxa of the adult microbiome, with roles in dietary glycan foraging, beneficial metabolite production and immunity, and our work provides strong evidence that their integration into the gut microbiome needs to occur early for optimal neurodevelopment.

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“…An IUGR infant may have an appropriate birth weight as per gestation, but may have suffered any in utero growth deceleration as a consequence of a perinatal insult ( 80 ). Notably, poor neonatal growth categorized using Fenton's preterm size-at-birth growth charts have shown stronger associations with long term neurodevelopment than poor growth categorized using the Intergrowth 21st Standards ( 82 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Neonatal Nutrition Practice and Implications: A Survey of Australia and New Zealand Neonatal Units

et al. 2021

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Background: Significant global variation exists in neonatal nutrition practice, including in assigned milk composition values, donor milk usage, fortification regimens, probiotic choice and in methods used to calculate and report nutrition and growth outcomes, making it difficult to synthesize data to inform evidence-based, standardized nutritional care that has potential to improve neonatal outcomes. The Australasian Neonatal Dietitians' Network (ANDiN) conducted a survey to determine the degree to which neonatal nutritional care varies across Australia and New Zealand (A&NZ) and to highlight potential implications.Materials and Methods: A two-part electronic neonatal nutritional survey was emailed to each ANDiN member (n = 50). Part-One was designed to examine individual dietetic practice; Part-Two examined site-specific nutrition policies and practices. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the distribution of responses.Results: Survey response rate: 88%. Across 24 NICU sites, maximum fluid targets varied (150–180 mL.kg.d−1); macronutrient composition estimates for mothers' own(MOM) and donor (DM) milk varied (Energy (kcal.dL−1) MOM: 65–72; DM 69–72: Protein (g.dL−1): MOM: 1.0–1.5; DM: 0.8–1.3); pasteurized DM or unpasteurized peer-to-peer DM was not available in all units; milk fortification commenced at different rates and volumes; a range of energy values (kcal.g−1) for protein (3.8–4.0), fat (9.0–10.0), and carbohydrate (3.8–4.0) were used to calculate parenteral and enteral intakes; probiotic choice differed; and at least seven different preterm growth charts were employed to monitor growth.Discussion: Our survey identifies variation in preterm nutrition practice across A&NZ of sufficient magnitude to impact nutrition interventions and neonatal outcomes. This presents an opportunity to use the unique skillset of neonatal dietitians to standardize practice, reduce uncertainty of neonatal care and improve the quality of neonatal research.

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Association of Poor Postnatal Growth with Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Infancy and Childhood: Comparing the Fetus and the Healthy Preterm Infant References

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae integration into the gut microbiome at key time points in early life are linked to infant neurodevelopment

Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae integration into the gut microbiome at key time points in early life are linked to infant neurodevelopment

Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae Integration Into the Gut Microbiome at Key Time Points in Early Life are Critical for Neurodevelopment

Variation in Neonatal Nutrition Practice and Implications: A Survey of Australia and New Zealand Neonatal Units

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