Association of Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70, Interleukin 6, and Creatine Kinase Concentrations in a Healthy, Young Adult Population

Abstract

Variations of baseline plasma concentrations of creatine kinase (CK), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) have been reported. We report categorical associations which may influence these protein levels. Methods. Blood was harvested for DNA and plasma protein analysis from 567 adults. Mean protein levels of CK, HSP70, and IL-6 were compared by sex, ethnicity, genetic variants—CKMM Nco1 (rs1803285), HSPA1B +A1538G (rs1061581), and IL6 G-174C (rs1800795)—self-reported history of exercise, oral contraceptive use, and dietary supplement use. Results. SNP major allele frequencies for CKMM, HSPA1B, and IL6 were 70% A, 57% A, and 60%. Mean CK statistically differed by sex, ethnicity, oral contraceptives, and caffeine. Plasma HSP70 differed by caffeine and protein. Mean IL-6 concentration differed by sex, ethnicity, and genotype. Plasma IL-6 was significantly lower (29%) in males (1.92 ± 0.08 pg/mL) and higher (29%) among African Americans (2.85 ± 0.50 pg/mL) relative to the others. IL6 G-174C GG genotype (2.23 ± 0.14 pg/mL) was 19% greater than CG or CC genotypes. Conclusion. Differences in baseline CK and IL-6 plasma protein concentrations are associated with genetics, sex, ethnicity, and the use of oral contraceptives, caffeine, and protein supplements in this young and athletic population.

The Role of the Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Exercise Induced Muscle Damage and Repair

“…Alarmins collectively include a range of host cell derived products including nuclear or mitochondrial DNA [18,19], ATP, intra-and extracellular proteins such as chaperone [20][21][22][23] or cytoskeletal proteins like tenascin C (TSC) [24] nuclear proteins including high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) [25][26][27] and cytokines such as IL-1a and IL-33 (Table 1) [28,29]. The binding of PAMPs or DAMPs/ alarmins to specific PRRs can elicit a cytokine response by host cells that promotes the recruitment of innate leukocytes to the site of tissue damage.…”

Μελέτη των μηχανισμών του stress σε πρωτογενείς καλλιέργειες και Hsp70 - διαγονιδιακών ποντικών

“…Τα βιβλιογραφικά δεδομένα όσον αφορά τη σύγκριση ανάμεσα στα δύο φύλα ως προς τα επίπεδα της Hsp70 στον ορό αίματος είναι περιορισμένα και αρκετά αντιφατικά. Έτσι, σε προηγούμενες μελέτες έχει αναφερθεί ότι τα ποσά της Hsp70 είναι λίγο πιο αυξημένα στα αρσενικά άτομα σε σχέση με τα θηλυκά (χωρίς τα αποτελέσματα να είναι στατιστικά σημαντικά) [944], ενώ σε άλλες μελέτες δεν παρατηρήθηκαν διαφορές στα επίπεδα της πρωτεΐνης ανάμεσα στα δύο φύλα [936,945]. Άλλες έρευνες έχουν αναφέρει ότι τα επίπεδα της Hsp70 στις καρδιές αρουραίων είναι πιο αυξημένα στα αρσενικά άτομα σε σύγκριση με τα θηλυκά μετά από στρες, όπως η έντονη άσκηση [946] ή η υπερθερμία [947].…”