Association of Paraoxonase1 enzyme and its genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms with cardio-metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases

Jeelani, Humira; Tabassum, Nahida; Afroze, Dil; Rashid, Fouzia

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100775

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Dietary unsaturated fat, cholesterol, and polymorphisms (PON1-L55M and PON1-T-108C) also cause elevation of PON1. Factors that decrease PON1 activity includes dietary saturated fat, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and smoking [ 38 , 39 ]. Our study is a hospital-based one and the participants were on some medications like antidiabetics, vasoprin, and some antioxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma paraoxonase-1 activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Dada,

Ikpegbu,

Okunowo

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) associated enzyme that has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant functions. PON1 is noted to be a determinant of resistance to the development of atherosclerosis through hydrolysis of phospholipid and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides. This study was designed to assess PON1 activity levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Southwest Nigeria. Methods this was a cross-sectional study done over a period of six months. A total of 138 participants; 69 with T2DM and 69 apparently healthy controls were recruited for this study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), and PON1 activity were analyzed in the participants. The comparison of the mean between the groups of participants was assessed using the independent student t-test while the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two medians. The p-value was set at 0.05. Results mean age for participants with T2DM was 54.90 ± 8.1 years and the healthy control group was 54.12 ± 8.4 years, with a p-value of 0.549. The male-to-female ratio was 0.47 for both participants with T2DM and healthy controls. Participants with T2DM had significantly higher median glucose concentration of 109.18 mg/dl compared with 82.58 mg/dl among controls, p-value <0.001. Median serum HDL-c was lower in diabetics compared to controls (52.66 mg/dl vs 57.92 mg/dl; p-value < 0.001). PON1 activity was lower in T2DM compared with that of the controls (690.11 pmol/min/ml vs 3379.7 pmol/min/ml; p-value <0.001). Paroxonase 1 showed a non-significant positive correlation with HDL-c and a negative correlation with FPG, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion these findings suggest that PON1 activity is lower in T2DM compared to healthy controls and a lower PON1 activity level was seen among female diabetics compared with the male diabetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma paraoxonase-1 activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Dada,

Ikpegbu,

Okunowo

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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“…Although HDL is necessary for its activity, PON1 is also likely to be found in chylomicrons and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein), but in smaller concentrations [ 19 ]. MPO is a protein that is usually present in healthy people’s plasma in very low concentrations, and levels are elevated in atherosclerotic diseases like acute coronary syndrome or those with metabolic syndrome, and it affects PON1 activity, decreasing its activity [ 37 , 38 ]. A high MPO/PON1 ratio is representative of HDL dysfunction; MPO inactivates the function of HDL and oxidases the tyrosine residue of PON1 that is responsible for the connection with HDL; therefore, it is linked with atherosclerotic disease [ 37 , 39 ].…”

Section: Paraoxonase 1 and Its Implications In Various Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MPO is a protein that is usually present in healthy people’s plasma in very low concentrations, and levels are elevated in atherosclerotic diseases like acute coronary syndrome or those with metabolic syndrome, and it affects PON1 activity, decreasing its activity [ 37 , 38 ]. A high MPO/PON1 ratio is representative of HDL dysfunction; MPO inactivates the function of HDL and oxidases the tyrosine residue of PON1 that is responsible for the connection with HDL; therefore, it is linked with atherosclerotic disease [ 37 , 39 ]. HDL extracted from those with a higher MPO/PON1 ratio does not have the same anti-inflammatory effects, and in those patients’ serum, the NF-kB pathway is activated [ 39 ].…”

Section: Paraoxonase 1 and Its Implications In Various Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body’s response to insulin by GLUT4 expression is increased by PON1, but PON1 levels are independently reduced by type 2 diabetes, with a decreasing trend as diabetes progresses [ 63 , 64 ]. In diabetic patients, PON1 activity is lower, and it can go even lower in those who are also suffering from microvascular complications of diabetes, leading further to a higher chance of developing atherosclerosis [ 37 ]. Studies suggest that low PON1 levels in diabetes are one of the causes of retinopathy and even nephropathy.…”

Section: Paraoxonase 1 and Its Implications In Various Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Polyphenols in Modulating PON1 Activity Regarding Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis

Sirca,

Mureșan,

Pallag

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases are still rising. The principal mechanism that drives them is atherosclerosis, an affection given by dyslipidemia and a pro-inflammatory state. Paraoxonase enzymes have a protective role due to their ability to contribute to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, especially paraoxonase 1 (PON1). PON1 binds with HDL (high-density lipoprotein), and high serum levels lead to a protective state against dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and many others. Modulating PON1 expression might be a treatment objective with significant results in limiting the prevalence of atherosclerosis. Lifestyle including diet and exercise can raise its levels, and some beneficial plants have been found to influence PON1 levels; therefore, more studies on herbal components are needed. Our purpose is to highlight the principal roles of Praoxonase 1, its implications in dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and other diseases, and to emphasize plants that can modulate PON1 expression, targeting the potential of some flavonoids that could be introduced as supplements in our diet and to validate the hypothesis that flavonoids have any effects regarding PON1 function.

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Biomedical Applications of Dextran

Sharma,

Jagadeesh Chandra Bose

2024

Biopolymers for Biomedical Applications

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Association of Paraoxonase1 enzyme and its genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms with cardio-metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases

Cited by 5 publications

References 99 publications

Plasma paraoxonase-1 activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Plasma paraoxonase-1 activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

The Role of Polyphenols in Modulating PON1 Activity Regarding Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis

Biomedical Applications of Dextran

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