Association of oral contraceptives and tubal ligation with antimüllerian hormone

Langton, Christine R.; Whitcomb, Brian W.; Purdue-Smithe, Alexandra; Sievert, Lynnette Leidy; Hankinson, Susan E.; Manson, JoAnn E.; Rosner, Bernard; Bertone‐Johnson, Elizabeth R.

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000001905

Cited by 2 publications

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References 49 publications

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“…These results validate other studies where AMH, AFC values, and the volume of both ovaries were significantly decreased by 19%, 18%, and 50%, respectively, in HBC women users (18,20). A relationship between HBC use duration (as well as tubal ligation) and lower AMH serum levels was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.036) and was independent of the age of first use of contraception (34), although this may not necessarily lead to early menopause (35).…”

Section: Ovarian Agingmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy

2023

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Hormone-based contraception disrupts hormonal balance, creating artificial states of anovulation and threatening women's health. We reviewed its main adverse effects and mechanisms on accelerated ovarian aging, mental health (emotional disruptions, depression, and suicide), sexuality (reduced libido), cardiovascular (brain stroke, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and thrombosis), and oncological (breast, cervical, and endometrial cancers). Other “collateral damage” includes negative effects on communication, scientific mistrust, poor physician–patient relationships, increased patient burden, economic drain on the healthcare system, and environmental pollution. Hormone-sensitive tumors present a dilemma owing to their potential dual effects: preventing some cancers vs. higher risk for others remains controversial, with denial or dismissal as non-relevant adverse effects, information avoidance, and modification of scientific criteria. This lack of clinical assessment poses challenges to women's health and their right to autonomy. Overcoming these challenges requires an anthropological integration of sexuality, as the focus on genital bodily union alone fails to encompass the intimate relational expression of individuals, complete sexual satisfaction, and the intertwined feelings of trust, safety, tenderness, and endorsement of women's femininity.

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Section: Ovarian Agingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The changes in serum biomarkers and cervical mucus could manifest as accelerated ovarian aging. Women using HBC for 10 years may find themselves hindering the possibility of later pregnancies due to loss of functionality (42,50) and difficulties in reestablishing fertility after HBC discontinuation (18,35,51).…”

Section: Ovarian Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy

2023

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A systematic review of the association between modifiable lifestyle factors and circulating anti-Müllerian hormone

Werner,

van der Schouw,

de Kat

2024

Human Reproduction Update

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BACKGROUND Levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are known to be associated with lifestyle determinants such as smoking and oral contraception (OC) use. When measuring AMH in clinical practice, it is essential to know which factors may influence circulating levels or ovarian reserve in general. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE To date, there is no systematic review or summarizing consensus of the nature and magnitude of the relation between AMH and modifiable lifestyle factors. The purpose of this review was to systematically assess the evidence on association of lifestyle behaviors with circulating AMH levels. SEARCH METHODS We performed a pre-registered systematic review of publications in Embase and PubMed on the lifestyle factors BMI, smoking, OC use, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption, physical activity, and waist–hip ratio (WHR) in relation to circulating AMH levels up to 1 November 2023. The search strategy included terms such as ‘Anti-Mullerian hormone’, ‘lifestyle’, and ‘women’. Studies were considered eligible if the association between at least one of the lifestyle factors of interest and AMH was assessed in adult women. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Study Quality Assessment Tools of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The results were presented as ranges of the most frequently used association measure for studies that found a significant association in the same direction. OUTCOMES A total of 15 072 records were identified, of which 65 studies were eligible for inclusion, and 66.2% of the studies used a cross-sectional design. The majority of studies investigating BMI, smoking, OC use, and physical activity reported significant inverse associations with AMH levels. For WHR, alcohol, and caffeine use, the majority of studies did not find an association with AMH. For all determinants, the effect measures of the reported associations were heterogeneous. The mean difference in AMH levels per unit increase in BMI ranged from −0.015 to −0.2 ng/ml in studies that found a significant inverse association. The mean difference in AMH levels for current smokers versus non-smokers ranged from −0.4 to −1.1 ng/ml, and −4% to −44%, respectively. For current OC use, results included a range in relative mean differences in AMH levels of −17% to −31.1%, in addition to a decrease of 11 age-standardized percentiles, and an average decrease of 1.97 ng/ml after 9 weeks of OC use. Exercise interventions led to a decrease in AMH levels of 2.8 pmol/l to 13.2 pmol/l after 12 weeks in women with polycystic ovary syndrome or a sedentary lifestyle. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Lifestyle factors are associated with differences in AMH levels and thus should be taken into account when interpreting individual AMH measurements. Furthermore, AMH levels can be influenced by the alteration of lifestyle behaviors. While this can be a helpful tool for clinical and lifestyle counseling, the nature of the relation between the observed differences in AMH and the true ovarian reserve remains to be assessed. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42022322575

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Association of oral contraceptives and tubal ligation with antimüllerian hormone

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy

Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy

A systematic review of the association between modifiable lifestyle factors and circulating anti-Müllerian hormone

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