Association of Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in China

Yang, Bo; Lee, Hyewon; Markevych, Iana; Qian, Zhengmin; Bloom, Michael S.; Heinrich, Joachim; Dharmage, Shyamali C.; Rolling, Craig A.; Jordan, Savannah S.; Komppula, Mika; Leskinen, Ari; Bowatte, Gayan; Li, Shanshan; Chen, Gongbo; Liu, Kang Kang; Zeng, Xiao Wen; Hu, Li; Dong, Guang‐Hui

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0318

Cited by 155 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Increased concentration exposure to NO2 was found to be associated to an increased risk of hypertension in a population-based, cross-sectional study including 15, 477 Chinese adults [18]. Furthermore, in the 2003 SARS epidemic, a positive association between air pollution (defined by the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, particulate matters, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ground-level ozone) and case fatality was observed in Chinese population [19].…”

Section: The Co-protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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Significant aspects of COVID-19 pandemic remain obscure. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a component of the renin-angiotensin system, whose expression dominates on lung alveolar epithelial cells, is the human cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. We strongly encourage the concept that thorough considerations of receptorligand interactions should be kept at the heart of scientific debate on infection. In this idea, the whole renin-angiotensin system has to be evaluated. We hypothesize that factors related to ethnicity, environment, behaviors, associated illness, and medications involving this complex system are probably responsible for situations regarded as anomalous from both an epidemiological and a clinical point of view, but, taken together, such factors may explain most of the aspects of current outbreak. We decided to use the analogy of a play and speculate about the possible impact in this tragedy of 1) air pollution via the interference of nitrogen dioxide on ACE2 expression; 2) the dual role of nicotine; 3) the hypothetical involvement of ACE2 polymorphisms, the relationships of which with ethnic factors and susceptibility to cardiovascular disease seems intriguing; 4) the impact on the severity of infection of hypertension and related medications acting on the renin/angiotensin system, and, finally, 5) the possible helpful role of chloroquine, thanks to its capacity of modifying ACE2 affinity to the viral spike protein by altering glycosylation. This hypothesis paper is an urgent call for the development of research programs that aim at questioning whether the putative protagonists of this tragedy are real-life actors in COVID-19. Highlights• Significant aspects of COVID-19 pandemic remain obscure • Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the human cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2• Receptor-ligand interactions, should be kept at the heart of scientific debate • Ethnicity, environment, and behaviors factors interfere with these interactions • Associated illness, and medications also interfere in a possibly dual manner

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Section: The Co-protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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“…They were all based on Model 1 but also included the following covariates: smoking and alcohol consumption (Model 2); waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose (Model 3); NO 2 (Model 4); and L den (Model 5). To control for coexposure to NO 2 as a confounding variable that highly correlated with NDVI (tolerance<0.2 and Variance Inflation Factor >5), we first regressed NO 2 against NDVI in the respective radius and then used model residuals as a covariate in Model 4 (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A feasibility study on the association between residential greenness and neurocognitive function in middle-aged Bulgarians

Dzhambov

Bahchevanov

Chompalov

et al. 2019

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Recent research has indicated that exposure to residential vegetation (“greenness”) may be protective against cognitive decline and may support the integrity of the corresponding brain structures. However, not much is known about these effects, especially in less affluent countries and in middle-aged populations. In this study, we investigated the associations between greenness and neurocognitive function. We used a convenience sample of 112 middle-aged Bulgarians and two cognitive tests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Battery (CERAD-NB) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In addition, structural brain imaging data were available for 25 participants. Participants’ home address was used to link cognition scores to the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), a measure of overall neighbourhood vegetation level (radii from 100 to 1,000 m). Results indicated that higher NDVI was consistently associated with higher CERAD-NB and MoCA scores across radial buffers and adjustment scenarios. Lower waist circumference mediated the effect of NDVI on CERAD-NB. NDVI100-m was positively associated with average cortical thickness across both hemispheres, but these correlations turned marginally significant (P<0.1) after correction for false discovery rate due to multiple comparisons. In conclusion, living in a greener neighbourhood might be associated with better cognitive function in middle-aged Bulgarians, with lower central adiposity partially accounting for this effect. Tentative evidence suggests that greenness might also contribute to structural integrity in the brain regions regulating cognitive functions. Future research should build upon our findings and investigate larger and more representative population groups.

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“…Another risk factor of obesity and type 2 diabetes is increased following exposure to fine particular matter (PM 2.5 ) [108][109][110]. Research has shown 4-Hydroxytyrosol to be beneficial for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.…”

Section: Improvement Of Energy Metabolism Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds Combat Lipid Peroxidation Product 4-HNE-Induced Deleterious Effects?

Wang

et al. 2020

Biomolecules

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The toxic reactive aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) belongs to the advanced lipid peroxidation end products. Accumulation of 4-HNE and formation of 4-HNE adducts induced by redox imbalance participate in several cytotoxic processes, which contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of oxidative stress-related human disorders. Medicinal plants and bioactive natural compounds are suggested to be attractive sources of potential agents to mitigate oxidative stress, but little is known about the therapeutic potentials especially on combating 4-HNE-induced deleterious effects. Of note, some investigations clarify the attenuation of medicinal plants and bioactive compounds on 4-HNE-induced disturbances, but strong evidence is needed that these plants and compounds serve as potent agents in the prevention and treatment of disorders driven by 4-HNE. Therefore, this review highlights the pharmacological basis of these medicinal plants and bioactive compounds to combat 4-HNE-induced deleterious effects in oxidative stress-related disorders, such as neurotoxicity and neurological disorder, eye damage, cardiovascular injury, liver injury, and energy metabolism disorder. In addition, this review briefly discusses with special attention to the strategies for developing potential therapies by future applications of these medicinal plants and bioactive compounds, which will help biological and pharmacological scientists to explore the new vistas of medicinal plants in combating 4-HNE-induced deleterious effects.

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Association of Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in China

Cited by 155 publications

References 47 publications

Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic

Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic

A feasibility study on the association between residential greenness and neurocognitive function in middle-aged Bulgarians

Can Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds Combat Lipid Peroxidation Product 4-HNE-Induced Deleterious Effects?

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