Association of irisin concentrations with the presence of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy

Abstract

Objective: Irisin, a recently identified myokine, is involved in the protection of mice against obesity and diabetes. This study aims to determine the serum and vitreous concentrations of irisin in patients with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A total of 178 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as 22 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy and 35 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were enrolled in this study. Results: Serum irisin concentrations were significantly elevated in the control group compared with those in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with macroalbuminuria exhibited significantly lower serum irisin concentrations than the controls and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. Simple regression analysis showed that the serum irisin concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were negatively correlated with age, fasting plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and positively correlated with creatinine clearance and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers treatment. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients showed significantly decreased serum and vitreous irisin concentrations compared with the control group and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, decreased serum and vitreous irisin concentrations were found in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy than those in the controls. Conclusion: Irisin concentrations are associated with the presence of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.

Serum irisin levels correlated to peritoneal dialysis adequacy in nondiabetic peritoneal dialysis patients

“…Conversely, it has been reported that irisin levels are correlated with insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [24, 25], and our results also revealed that irisin levels were inversely correlated with fasting blood glucose levels. As insulin resistance is frequently seen in CKD patients, peritoneal dialysis may partially correct this phenomenon [26].…”

Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis

“…Patients with T2DM and renal insufficiency also have decreased circulating levels of irisin (~8%), which are positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate 94 . Furthermore, in a population of individuals with T2DM, macroalbuminuria was associated with circulating levels of irisin that were lower than those associated with microalbuminuria or normoalbuminuria 95,96 . Finally, in a large cross-sectional study including 1,115 community-living adults with obesity in China, high levels of irisin (highest quartile of the investigated population) were related to significantly reduced risk of chronic kidney disease (OR 0.572; P = 0.023) and marginally reduced risk of macroalbuminuria (OR 0.611; P = 0.050), suggesting that irisin might be associated with improved renal function 97 .…”

Association of Serum Pentraxin 3 Concentrations with Diabetic Nephropathy

“…These patients were then divided into three groups according to the levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE): those with normoalbuminuria (UAE<30 mg/24 hour; n=74), those with microalbuminuria (30≤UAE≤300 mg/24 hour; n=52), and those with macroalbuminuria (UAE>300 mg/24 hour; n=34) 11. Patients with concomitant valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, acute renal failure, acute and chronic viral or bacterial infections, asthma, tumors, connective tissue diseases, and type 1 diabetes mellitus were excluded from this study 11. The control group randomly enrolled a consecutive population of 54 healthy subjects who had routine medical check-up in our hospital.…”