Association of ICP, CPP, CT findings and S-100B and NSE in severe traumatic head injury. Prognostic value of the biomarkers

Olivecrona, Zandra; Bobinski, Lukas; Koskinen, Lars‐Owe D.

doi:10.3109/02699052.2014.989403

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Generally, the patient characteristics in the NSE studies were very similar to the S100B studies with a variety of primarily adult, mild/moderate-to-severely (11, 71, 74–77, 80, 82, 96–98), or only severely injured patients (34, 42, 45–47, 49, 52, 54, 61, 66, 99–101) (Table 2). However, some looked at more minor injuries and included pe diatric patients (67, 93, 102).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…While some studies had more than 24 h between sampling times (42, 52, 57, 58, 81, 87, 94, 95), generally the studies had a sampling frequency of every 24 h (7, 18, 21, 35–38, 41, 43, 44, 48–51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 61, 70, 72, 74–86, 88–90, 93), or sometimes twice daily (11, 34, 45–47, 67, 68, 73), or every 4–6 h (39, 40, 55, 62–64, 66, 69, 71, 91, 92). In contrast to the other biomarkers, there were some studies that assessed S100B hourly in order to track the serum dynamics (59, 65).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, a slower influx with a later peak and t 1/2 of about 24 h the first days in severe TBI patients are described (11, 21, 35, 36, 38, 40, 43, 44, 48, 53, 54, 56, 60, 61, 70, 73, 75, 81, 82, 84, 88, 93). Some studies reported t 1/2 of days (24–120 h) (18, 21, 37, 41, 45–47, 49, 72, 76–80, 85, 86, 89) or even weeks (14 days) (42). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A majority of studies used clinically available assays such as the LIA-mat system from Sangtec/DiaSorin (11, 45–47, 74–76, 80, 82) or Elecsys/Cobas systems from Roche (54, 93, 94, 96), but commercial/custom made ELISAs (34, 42, 49, 52, 61, 66, 67, 77, 97, 102) and other techniques (69, 71, 98–101) were also used. Comparable to results of the S100B, the ELISA methods generally showed higher levels over time and with less dynamics, as compared to the automated assays (42, 49, 52, 97).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serial Sampling of Serum Protein Biomarkers for Monitoring Human Traumatic Brain Injury Dynamics: A Systematic Review

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe proteins S100B, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and neurofilament light (NF-L) have been serially sampled in serum of patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in order to assess injury severity and tissue fate. We review the current literature of serum level dynamics of these proteins following TBI and used the term “effective half-life” (t1/2) in order to describe the “fall” rate in serum.Materials and methodsThrough searches on EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus, we looked for articles where these proteins had been serially sampled in serum in human TBI. We excluded animal studies, studies with only one presented sample and studies without neuroradiological examinations.ResultsFollowing screening (10,389 papers), n = 122 papers were included. The proteins S100B (n = 66) and NSE (n = 27) were the two most frequent biomarkers that were serially sampled. For S100B in severe TBI, a majority of studies indicate a t1/2 of about 24 h, even if very early sampling in these patients reveals rapid decreases (1–2 h) though possibly of non-cerebral origin. In contrast, the t1/2 for NSE is comparably longer, ranging from 48 to 72 h in severe TBI cases. The protein GFAP (n = 18) appears to have t1/2 of about 24–48 h in severe TBI. The protein UCH-L1 (n = 9) presents a t1/2 around 7 h in mild TBI and about 10 h in severe. Frequent sampling of these proteins revealed different trajectories with persisting high serum levels, or secondary peaks, in patients with unfavorable outcome or in patients developing secondary detrimental events. Finally, NF-L (n = 2) only increased in the few studies available, suggesting a serum availability of >10 days. To date, automated assays are available for S100B and NSE making them faster and more practical to use.ConclusionSerial sampling of brain-specific proteins in serum reveals different temporal trajectories that should be acknowledged. Proteins with shorter serum availability, like S100B, may be superior to proteins such as NF-L in detection of secondary harmful events when monitoring patients with TBI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serial Sampling of Serum Protein Biomarkers for Monitoring Human Traumatic Brain Injury Dynamics: A Systematic Review

et al. 2017

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“…Žurek and Fedora (2012) also found different severity-dependent profiles in children; whereas the concentration of NSE gradually decreased after injury in survivors, nonsurvivors had increasing NSE concentrations during days 1 and 2. A recent study analyzed serum NSE levels for 5 d after severe TBI (Olivecrona et al, 2015). The initial NSE level (sampled on average 15 h postinjury) reached ∼19 µg/l and gradually decreased to ∼8 µg/l until day 5.…”

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Traumatic Brain Injury: Temporal Changes in Body Fluids

Harel¹,

Kvist²,

Salla³

et al. 2016

eNeuro

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are caused by a hit to the head or a sudden acceleration/deceleration movement of the head. Mild TBIs (mTBIs) and concussions are difficult to diagnose. Imaging techniques often fail to find alterations in the brain, and computed tomography exposes the patient to radiation. Brain-specific biomolecules that are released upon cellular damage serve as another means of diagnosing TBI and assessing the severity of injury. These biomarkers can be detected from samples of body fluids using laboratory tests. Dozens of TBI biomarkers have been studied, and research related to them is increasing. We reviewed the recent literature and selected 12 biomarkers relevant to rapid and accurate diagnostics of TBI for further evaluation. The objective was especially to get a view of the temporal profiles of the biomarkers’ rise and decline after a TBI event. Most biomarkers are rapidly elevated after injury, and they serve as diagnostics tools for some days. Some biomarkers are elevated for months after injury, although the literature on long-term biomarkers is scarce. Clinical utilization of TBI biomarkers is still at a very early phase despite years of active research.

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