Association of with‐no‐lysine kinase 1 and Serine/Threonine kinase 39 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with essential hypertension in Tibetans

Abstract

Tibetans have a higher essential hypertension prevalence compared with other ethnics in China. The reason might be due to their unique environmental influence, as well as genetic factor. However, limited studies focus on Tibetan genetics and its association with hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between With-No-Lysine (K) Kinase 1 (WNK1), Serine/Threonine kinase 39(STK39) genes variants and hypertension in the Tibetan population. 204 Tibetan hypertensive patients and 305 normotensive controls were recruited in an epidemiological survey conducted at 2 sites in the Ganzi Tibetan autonomous region. Patients were genotyped for nineteen WNK1 candidate tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and three STK39 SNPs, and haplotype analysis was performed. Results showed that the allele A in rs1468326 was overrepresented in hypertensive patients versus control (53.4% vs 42.9%, P < 0.05). The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for hypertension among CA + AA genotypes carriers was 1.60 (95% CI: 1.02-2.62, P < 0.05), and they also had a higher systolic blood pressure (136.5 ± 28.6 vs 131.7 ± 24.8 mmHg, P < 0.05). However, the TT genotype ratio in rs6749447 was lower in hypertensives (5.4% vs 10.8%, P < 0.05), and the hypertension risk for the TT genotype carriers in rs6749447 decreased after adjustment (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.19-0.95, P < 0.05). Subjects with haplotype AGACAGGAATCGT showed 1.57 times higher risk of hypertension (95% CI 1.02-2.41, P < 0.05). In conclusion, SNP rs1468326 of WNK1, rs6749447 of STK39, and WNK1 haplotype AGACAGGAATCGT were associated with hypertension in Tibetan individuals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:151-160, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The prevalence of hyperuricemia and its correlates in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China

“…Blood pressure readings were taken from participants’ right arms at a time between 8:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon using a standardized automatic electronic sphygmomanometer (Omron HEM-770A). Readings were taken three times at 2-min intervals after at least 5 min of rest in a warm and quiet indoor place [ 11 ]. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were taken as the mean of three readings.…”

Neural network correlates of high‐altitude adaptive genetic variants in Tibetans: A pilot, exploratory study

“…According to previous studies, compared with other ethnicities in China, Tibetans have a higher essential hypertension prevalence (Zhao et al, ). This difference might be due to environmental cold temperature influence (Aryal, Weatherall, Bhatta, & Mann, ), high dietary salt intake (Sehgal, Krishan, Malhotra, & Gupta, ), or hypertension‐related genetic variants (Guo et al, ; Shi et al, ). Here, the nodal strength of the right rolandic operculum was negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure in indigenous Tibetan highlanders.…”

Population structure and genomic diversity of the Einsiedler horse

“…This gene is associated with mood regulation, aggressive behaviour, anxiety behaviour and contextual fear memory and therefore considered important for domestication (Librado et al., 2021) and selection of ES horses. The second gene, WNK1 , embedded in a shared ROH island for ES and SF, was previously associated with familial hyperkalemic hypertension (Vidal‐Petiot et al., 2013) and adaptation to high altitudes in Tibetan people (Shi et al., 2018). Furthermore, WNK1 was associated with cold tolerance in Tibetan cattle (Liu et al., 2023).…”

“…This gene is associated with mood regulation, aggressive behaviour, anxiety behaviour and contextual fear memory T A B L E 1 Total number of runs of homozygosity (N ROH ), total length of runs of homozygosity (ROH) segments (S ROH ), average length of ROH (L ROH ) and genomic inbreeding coefficients (F ROH ) for the Einsiedler, Swiss Warmblood, Selle Français and Franches-Montagnes. (Vidal-Petiot et al, 2013) and adaptation to high altitudes in Tibetan people (Shi et al, 2018). Furthermore, WNK1 was associated with cold tolerance in Tibetan cattle (Liu et al, 2023).…”