Association of <i><scp>P</scp>orphyromonas gingivalis</i> with high levels of stress‐induced hormone cortisol in chronic periodontitis patients

Medina, C.M. Ardila; Guzmán, Isabel C.

doi:10.1111/jicd.12175

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In particular, P. gingivalis has the ability to change the composition of plaque and the inflammatory milieu through one of the virulence factors of P. gingivalis, gingipains, which converts complement C5 to C5a, thereby inducing inflammation and also modulating the Toll-like receptor response, thus preventing leukocytes from being efficient killers [72]. Studies have shown a positive association between cortisol levels and the presence of P. gingivalis in subgingival plaques of localized periodontitis, after adjusting for age, sex, income, and smoking status [73]. P. gingivalis alters the host immune response, thereby contributing to dysbiosis of the periodontal microbiome and magnifying its capacity to produce periodontitis [74].…”

Section: Stress and Periodontitis: The Biofilm Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Stress: A Predisposing and Exacerbating Factor in Periodontitis

Spector

Postolache

Akram

et al. 2020

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Purpose of Review This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between psychological stress, the immune system, and periodontitis, including the dynamic role of host stress responses in altering immune function, altering the oral microbiome and biofilm formation, and promoting local and systemic disease progression. Recent Findings Within the context of periodontal health and disease, stress leads to an impairment of effective antimicrobial defense, shifts in oral microbiome profiles toward more pathogenic gene expression and taxa composition, increased translocation, and biofilm formation. The link between stress and periodontitis is multiform and includes hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and catecholamine activation, production of immune mediators of inflammation and, clinically, syndromes of depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and sleep-wake disorders. Summary Psychological stress appears to be an important modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of periodontitis and other periodontal diseases.

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Section: Stress and Periodontitis: The Biofilm Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Stress: A Predisposing and Exacerbating Factor in Periodontitis

Spector

Postolache

Akram

et al. 2020

Curr Oral Health Rep

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“…Studies[ 7 8 ] have found that cortisol in saliva (1) represents “free” biologically active cortisol, (2) is unaffected by salivary flow rate, (3) consistently and reliably reflects free serum cortisol and HPA axis reactivity, and (4) is also a more practical assessment tool than venipuncture in stress research due to its potential to elicit spurious increases in cortisol secretion reflecting a “hyperstress” component. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of stress, salivary cortisol, and chronic periodontitis: A clinico-biochemical study

2018

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Background:Periodontitis and stress are among the areas of increasing interest over the past two decades. Early detection of these diseases plays a crucial role in successful therapy. Cortisol is a protein which was found to be consistently associated with both.Aim:The present study was aimed to evaluate saliva cortisol levels (SCLs) in chronic periodontitis (CP) patients with and without stress.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, saliva samples were collected and cortisol levels were determined using ELISA method in 92 participants. The participants were divided into four groups based on periodontal condition (number of teeth present, plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level) and stress levels into Group 1 (no periodontitis and no stress), Group 2 (with periodontitis and no stress), Group 3 (without periodontitis and with stress), and Group 4 (with periodontitis and stress).Results:Overall, 92 adult participants (41 males and 51 females) were included in the study. Participants with stress and periodontitis have high mean SCL when compared to other groups (Group 1: 15.01 ± 2.62, Group 2: 31.92 ± 6.80, Group 3: 34.47 ± 13.47, and Group 4: 60.13 ± 6.68). Group I shows a significant negative correlation of cortisol to BOP, stress to PI, and stress to cortisol level, whereas there is a positive correlation of SCL to PD in Group 4 which is not statistically significant.Conclusion:SCL showed difference among the groups. SCL were associated with both CP and psychological stress. Increase in inflammation and stress levels enhances the SCL.

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“…Objective are favored with the increase in oxygen metabolism in the periodontal tissues. 40,41 The methods of measurement of salivary and serum cortisol are used for the diagnostic categorization of chronic stress. Both methods are characterized as viable to obtain parameters that configure the stress.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between Psychological Stress and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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This systematic review aims to investigate the association between psychological stress and periodontitis through analysis of cortisol levels and periodontal clinical parameters. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guide and based on PECO (Participants, Exposure, Comparators, Outcomes) question and registered at PROSPERO under the code CRD42017076670. As eligibility criteria, observational studies performed in adult humans presenting periodontitis (P), which evaluated patients exposed (E) and nonexposed to psychological stress (C) and to verify the association between this type of stress and periodontitis (O) were included. The searches were performed until March 2018. The following databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. After searches, the duplicate results were removed. The remaining citations were selected according to eligibility criteria in two phases. In the first phase, the title/abstract was evaluated. In the second phase, the articles were chosen previously were assessed by full text. After selection, the studies were submitted to data extraction and risk of bias evaluation by Fowkes and Fulton. A total of 1,386 citations were retrieved. After duplicates removal and selection process, three articles were selected by full text. Among them, two articles reported a positive association between psychological stress and periodontitis. All articles were classified as low risk of bias. Even though two articles highlighted an association between psychological stress and the presence of a possible modulatory pattern of cortisol levels in clinical parameters of periodontitis, more studies are necessary to elucidate this question.

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Association of Porphyromonas gingivalis with high levels of stress‐induced hormone cortisol in chronic periodontitis patients

Abstract: This research offers support for the association between P. gingivalis and higher levels of cortisol in chronic periodontitis patients. These results suggest that high levels of cortisol could increase the occurrence of P. gingivalis in the biofilm.

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Psychological Stress: A Predisposing and Exacerbating Factor in Periodontitis

Psychological Stress: A Predisposing and Exacerbating Factor in Periodontitis

Association of stress, salivary cortisol, and chronic periodontitis: A clinico-biochemical study

Association between Psychological Stress and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review

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