Association of Hypoadiponectinemia With Impaired Vasoreactivity

Abstract

Abstract-Endothelial dysfunction is a crucial feature in the evolution of atherosclerosis. Adiponectin is an adipocytespecific plasma protein with antiatherogenic and antidiabetic properties. In the present study, we investigated the relation between adiponectin and endothelium-dependent vasodilation. We analyzed endothelial function in 202 hypertensive patients, including those who were not taking any medication. Forearm blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. Plasma adiponectin level was highly correlated with the vasodilator response to reactive hyperemia in the total (rϭ0.257, PϽ0.001) and no-medication (rϭ0.296, Pϭ0.026) groups but not with nitroglycerin-induced hyperemia, indicating that adiponectin affected endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Multiple regression analysis of data from all hypertensive patients revealed that plasma adiponectin level was independently correlated with the vasodilator response to reactive hyperemia. Vascular reactivity was also analyzed in aortic rings from adiponectinknockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Adiponectin-KO mice showed obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertension compared with WT mice after 4 weeks on an atherogenic diet. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation in response to acetylcholine was significantly reduced in adiponectin-KO mice compared with WT mice, although no significant difference was observed in endothelium-independent vasodilation in response to sodium nitroprusside. Our observations suggest that hypoadiponectinemia is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and that the measurement of plasma adiponectin level might be helpful as a marker of endothelial dysfunction.

The role of total and high-molecular-weight complex of adiponectin in vascular function in offspring whose parents both had type 2 diabetes

“…Studies of the association between adiponectin levels and vascular reactivity have been inconclusive in both normal and hyperglycaemic populations. A positive relationship between adiponectin and peak forearm blood flow was found in both healthy [25] and hypertensive Japanese subjects [26]. Tan et al described a positive relationship between adiponectin and EDV both in healthy and in type 2 diabetic persons [27].…”

“…Given the experimental evidence supporting an antiatherogenic property of adiponectin, it has been proposed that a link between this protein and endothelial dysfunction may exist [25][26][27][28]. However, the nature of this association remains poorly characterised.…”

Association of resistin and adiponectin with different clinical blood pressure phenotypes

“…28 Although in vivo studies for the effects of Res on the vasculature are rather scarce, 29 the lack of Adp in knockout mice heightens the neointimal thickening and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in mechanically injured arteries, 30 whereas display impaired endotheliumdependent vasodilation and nitric oxide production. 31,32 Finally, there is growing evidence that Adp antagonizes renin-angiotensin system activation 33,34 and that the centrally-mediated sympathetic nervous system activation may be at least partially modulated by a 'hidden interplay' between leptin and Adp. 35,36 Taking together the above, the association between BP levels and circulating adipokines may share a reciprocal modulation with sympathetic activation, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, anticipating adverse BP clinical phenotypes such as sustained and masked hypertension with possible adverse repercussion on cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes.…”

Adiponectin as a tissue regenerating hormone: more than a metabolic function

“…Significantly decreased plasma levels of adiponectin have been observed in obese/ diabetic mice and humans [1][2][3] as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases [4], hypertension [5], and metabolic syndrome [6].…”