Association of germ-free mice with a simplified human intestinal microbiota results in a shortened intestine

Slezak, Kathleen; Krupová, Zuzana; Rabot, Sylvie; Loh, Gunnar; Levenez, Florence; Descamps, Amandine; Lepage, Patricia; Doré, Joël; Bellier, Sylvain; Blaut, Michaël

doi:10.4161/gmic.28203

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The same researchers recently showed, however, that in a colitis-prone mouse model colonized with SIHUMI, A. muciniphila did not induce or exacerbate intestinal inflammation (29). In two other studies, the polyamine-producing organism Fusobacterium varium was added to the low-polyamine-producing SIHUMIx in mice, which disclosed that gut morphology was not affected by either increased putrescine concentrations (30) or higher levels of other polyamines and SCFAs (31). Additionally, the mechanism underlying the obesogenic potential of C. ramosum in a SIHUMIx-associated animal model was further investigated by including or excluding this bacterium in SIHUMIx-associated mice fed a high-or a low-fat diet.…”

Section: Sihumi(x)mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Use of Defined Microbial Communities To Model Host-Microbe Interactions in the Human Gut

Elzinga

Oost

Vos

et al. 2019

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARYThe human intestinal ecosystem is characterized by a complex interplay between different microorganisms and the host. The high variation within the human population further complicates the quest toward an adequate understanding of this complex system that is so relevant to human health and well-being. To study host-microbe interactions, defined synthetic bacterial communities have been introduced in gnotobiotic animals or in sophisticatedin vitrocell models. This review reinforces that our limited understanding has often hampered the appropriate design of defined communities that represent the human gut microbiota. On top of this, some communities have been applied toin vivomodels that differ appreciably from the human host. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of using defined microbial communities are outlined, and suggestions for future improvement of host-microbe interaction models are provided. With respect to the host, technological advances, such as the development of a gut-on-a-chip system and intestinal organoids, may contribute to more-accuratein vitromodels of the human host. With respect to the microbiota, due to the increasing availability of representative cultured isolates and their genomic sequences, our understanding and controllability of the human gut “core microbiota” are likely to increase. Taken together, these advancements could further unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the human gut microbiota superorganism. Such a gain of insight would provide a solid basis for the improvement of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics as well as the development of new therapeutic microbes.

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Section: Sihumi(x)mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Use of Defined Microbial Communities To Model Host-Microbe Interactions in the Human Gut

Elzinga

Oost

Vos

et al. 2019

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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“…Functions that are known to be fulfilled by each species are given in Supplementary Material Table S1. Several previous studies with SIHUMIx have been published in which gnotobiotic mice were seeded with SIHUMIx or part of the SIHUMIx strains to investigate an interaction between host and gut microbiota [26][27][28][29]. Data from Becker et al were also used for modelling approaches [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Simplified Human Intestinal Microbiota (SIHUMIx) Shows High Structural and Functional Resistance against Changing Transit Times in In Vitro Bioreactors

et al. 2019

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Many functions in host-microbiota interactions are potentially influenced by intestinal transit times, but little is known about the effects of altered transition times on the composition and functionality of gut microbiota. To analyze these effects, we cultivated the model community SIHUMIx in bioreactors in order to determine the effects of varying transit times (TT) on the community structure and function. After five days of continuous cultivation, we investigated the influence of different medium TT of 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h. For profiling the microbial community, we applied flow cytometric fingerprinting and revealed changes in the community structure of SIHUMIx during the change of TT, which were not associated with changes in species abundances. For pinpointing metabolic alterations, we applied metaproteomics and metabolomics and found, along with shortening the TT, a slight decrease in glycan biosynthesis, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism and, furthermore, a reduction in butyrate, methyl butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate concentrations. Specifically, B. thetaiotaomicron was identified to be affected in terms of butyrate metabolism. However, communities could recover to the original state afterward. This study shows that SIHUMIx showed high structural stability when TT changed-even four-fold. Resistance values remained high, which suggests that TTs did not interfere with the structure of the community to a certain degree.

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“…These gnotobiotic animal models provide a similar environment to the natural intestinal tract including the physical chemical parameters in the gut, the metabolic exchange between host and microbiota, very similar nutrient availability and a host immune system interacting with the community [12]. Although the complex interactions between the 100`s of members usually present in the microbiome are negated to only a more simple interplay between a handful of species.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic interrogation of the gut microbiota: potential clinical impact

Haange

Jehmlich

2016

Expert Review of Proteomics

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Association of germ-free mice with a simplified human intestinal microbiota results in a shortened intestine

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

The Use of Defined Microbial Communities To Model Host-Microbe Interactions in the Human Gut

The Use of Defined Microbial Communities To Model Host-Microbe Interactions in the Human Gut

The Simplified Human Intestinal Microbiota (SIHUMIx) Shows High Structural and Functional Resistance against Changing Transit Times in In Vitro Bioreactors

Proteomic interrogation of the gut microbiota: potential clinical impact

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