Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution With Thyroid Function During Pregnancy

Ghassabian, Akhgar; Pierotti, Livia; Basterrechea, Mikel; Chatzi, Leda; Estarlich, Marisa; Fernández-Somoano, Ana; Fleisch, Abby F.; Gold, Diane R.; Júlvez, Jordi; Karakosta, Polyxeni; Lertxundi, Aitana; Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-José; Mulder, Tessa A M; Korevaar, Tim I M; Oken, Emily; Peeters, Robin P.; Rifas‐Shiman, Sheryl L.; Stephanou, Euripides G.; Tardón, Adonina; Tiemeier, Henning; Vrijheid, Martine; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Sunyer, Jordi; Guxens, Mònica

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.12902

Cited by 61 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this respect, in iodine de cient mothers, the thyroid gland shifts its secretion from T4 to T3 to maintain iodine; consequently, IMH is more prevalent in iodine de ciency (9,31). However, other novel factors, including exposure with environmental pollutants which may activate the hepatic glucuronidation, competitive inhibition of sodium iodine symporter and binding to the nuclear thyroid hormone receptor (32)(33)(34)(35), obesity leading to increased peripheral deiodination (36)(37)(38)(39)(40), iron de ciency due to reduced activity of the heme-dependent thyroid (41)(42)(43)(44), peroxidase antibodies (21) and pro/antiangiogenic factors (45) are associated with increased risk of IMH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Tehrani

Nazarpour

Behboudi‐Gandevani

2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background Maternal thyroid hormones are vital for a normal pregnancy and the development of fetus and childhood; inadequate availability of thyroid hormones during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This systematic review aimed to investigate the association between Isolated Maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Method: PubMed, Scopus and Web of science were searched for retrieving observational studies published up to September 2019, investigating the association of IMH with adverse pregnancy outcomes. From a total of 267 articles, 15 met our eligibility criteria and were used for the purpose of the present study. Results Definition of IMH varied in different studies. While some studies reported no adverse pregnancy outcomes for IMH, other studies found a positive association between first trimester IMH and feto-maternal outcomes including gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, fetal distress, small for gestational age, musculoskeletal malformations, spontaneous abortion, placental abruption and macrosomia. IMH, identified in the second trimester was associated with an increase in the risk of gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in one study. Conclusions There is no consensus on the adverse effects of IMH on pregnancy outcomes. Further comprehensive cohort studies using one standard definition for IMH, with large sample size and control of important confounders such as iodine status and maternal Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) are needed for precise assessment of this association.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Tehrani

Nazarpour

Behboudi‐Gandevani

2020

Preprint

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“…The offspring of pregnant women that have been exposed to air pollutants show structural brain alterations, reduced executive function and behavioral problems. The tentative mechanisms for these problems may be oxidative stress, neuroinflammation or changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis [1]. Thyroid hormones are crucial in the development of the fetal brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fetal thyroid gland is fully functional after mid-pregnancy, thus undiagnosed or less than optimally treated thyroid insufficiency early on in pregnancy adversely affects the development the offspring. Studies have shown a link between pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and maternal thyroid function [1]. Particulate air pollutants are prevalent and harmful to humans (as assessed versus mortality, morbidity or cardiovascular disease) [2]; however, data on whether exposure to particulate air pollutants can also disrupt thyroid function in pregnancy are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particulate air pollutants are prevalent and harmful to humans (as assessed versus mortality, morbidity or cardiovascular disease) [2]; however, data on whether exposure to particulate air pollutants can also disrupt thyroid function in pregnancy are limited. Recently, exposure to ambient air pollution (and more in detail to nitrogen dioxide-NO 2 or particulate air pollutants with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers-PM2.5 or 10 micrometers-PM10) has been linked to thyroid (dys)function in pregnant women (and/or their fetuses/neonates) [1,[3][4][5]. The largest-scale study was based on satellite-assessed pollution measurements, whereas smaller scale studies were done with near-ground level air pollution assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest-scale study was based on satellite-assessed pollution measurements, whereas smaller scale studies were done with near-ground level air pollution assessments. These studies were honed on women living in northern Europe (n = 6472, the Netherlands [4]) or lower latitudes (n = 11,927, in China, Spain, USA or Greece [1,3,5]). Close evaluation of the reported results showed differences among Spain, USA and Greece (regarding the latter, results stemmed from a study in a provincial town and suburban/rural settings in the island of Crete).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric Pollution and Thyroid Function of Pregnant Women in Athens, Greece: A Pilot Study

Ilias¹,

Kakoulidis²,

Togias³

et al. 2020

Medical Sciences

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Exposure to air pollution and, in particular, to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or particulate pollutants less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) or 10 μm (PM10) in diameter has been linked to thyroid (dys)function in pregnant women. We hypothesized that there may be a dose—effect relationship between air pollutants and thyroid function parameters. We retrospectively evaluated thyrotropin (TSH) in 293 women, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 levels in Athens. All the women were diagnosed with hypothyroidism for the first time during their pregnancy. Exposure to air pollution for each woman was considered according to her place of residence. Statistical analysis of age, pregnancy weight change, and air pollutants versus TSH was performed with ordinary least squares regression (OLS-R) and quantile regression (Q-R). A positive correlation for logTSH and PM2.5(r = +0.13, p = 0.02) was found, using OLS-R. Further analysis with Q-R showed that each incremental unit increase (for the 10th to the 90th response quantile) in PM2.5 increased logTSH(±SE) between +0.029 (0.001) to +0.025 (0.001) mIU/L (p < 0.01). The other parameters and pollutants (PM10 and NO2) had no significant effect on TSH. Our results indeed show a dose—response relationship between PM2.5 and TSH. The mechanisms involved in the pathophysiological effects of atmospheric pollutants, in particular PM2.5, are being investigated.

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Air pollution in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan: Driving factors and state response

Dzhusupov¹,

Buban

Айдаралиев

et al. 2022

Public Health Challenges

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The present article aims to describe the status quo of the atmospheric air quality in Bishkek and the state measures taken to improve it and to give the perspective of research and policy development. Air pollution is one of the major environmental risks for premature death from respiratory diseases, cancer, strokes, heart attacks, diabetes, and other diseases. It exerts a negative effect on worker productivity and mental health. In the last 30 years, Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic, has turned from one of the cleanest and greenest cities in the former Soviet Union to one of the most polluted cities in the world. The roots of that transformation lie in the negative socio-economic changes taking place in the country, including the population doubling of Bishkek mainly due to internal migration, uncontrolled construction of houses without relevant infrastructure, worsening socio-economic conditions, increased number of used vehicles, and low quality of gasoline. The main sources of air pollution in Bishkek are domestic heating and vehicle exhaust fumes. During the winter, air pollution is aggravated by frequent temperature inversion and air stagnation due to air trapping by high-rise buildings. The state's approaches and measures to address this issue are reflected in its laws and policies. The city and national government have taken a range of strategic measures to transform Bishkek into a green city with a favourable environment. Recommendations on research and policy development are provided in this perspective.

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Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution With Thyroid Function During Pregnancy

Cited by 61 publications

References 48 publications

Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Atmospheric Pollution and Thyroid Function of Pregnant Women in Athens, Greece: A Pilot Study

Air pollution in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan: Driving factors and state response

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