Association of dual COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccination with COVID-19 infection and disease severity

Xie, Zhigang; Hamadi, Hanadi; Mainous, Arch G.; Hong, Young‐Rock

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.043

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To our knowledge, there are no studies investigating the effect of adjuvanted vs. non-adjuvanted (na) influenza vaccines on the risk of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among older adults. Furthermore, these findings would have clinical and public health implications 10 given that individuals being infected by influenza less than 1 year prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection may report a greater risk of severe COVID- 19. 11 To answer to this research question, we tested the effectiveness of aTIV/aQIV vs. naTIV/naQIV on the risk of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…non‐adjuvanted (na) influenza vaccines on the risk of symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among older adults. Furthermore, these findings would have clinical and public health implications 10 given that individuals being infected by influenza less than 1 year prior to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may report a greater risk of severe COVID‐19 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the effectiveness and duration of adjuvanted vs. non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines in protecting older adults against symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Lapi,

Domnich,

Marconi

et al. 2023

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Annual influenza vaccination is one of the main public health measures able to drastically reduce the burden of this infectious disease. Some evidence suggests “trained immunity” triggered by influenza vaccine might reduce the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Adjuvanted influenza vaccines are known to induce a broader cross‐reactive immunity. No studies investigated the effect of adjuvanted vs. non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines on the risk of symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A case‐control analysis nested in a cohort of subjects aged ≥65 years and immunized with adjuvanted or non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines was conducted. Although no statistically significant (OR=0.87; p=0.082) difference between the two vaccine types was observed for the 9‐month follow‐up period, a 17% (OR=0.83; p=0.042) reduction in the odds of COVID‐19 was observed for adjuvanted vaccines with a 6‐month follow‐up. Further evidence is needed, but these results might have implications given the complexity of the upcoming winter seasons, in which the co‐occurrence of influenza, SARS‐CoV‐2, and other respiratory infections (e.g. syncitial virus) might be unpredictable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the effectiveness and duration of adjuvanted vs. non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines in protecting older adults against symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Lapi,

Domnich,

Marconi

et al. 2023

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For health sys-tems, co-administration could facilitate the implementation of both vaccine programs and reduce the overall burden on health services [24]. In addition, co-administration of the two vaccines does not increase immunoreactivity risks [25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy

et al. 2023

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Winter in the northern hemisphere is characterized by the circulation of influenza viruses, which cause seasonal epidemics, generally from October to April. Each influenza season has its own pattern, which differs from one year to the next in terms of the first influenza case notification, the period of highest incidence, and the predominant influenza virus subtypes. After the total absence of influenza viruses in the 2020/2021 season, cases of influenza were again recorded in the 2021/2022 season, although they remained below the seasonal average. Moreover, the co-circulation of the influenza virus and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic virus was also reported. In the context of the DRIVE study, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 129 Tuscan adults hospitalized for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and analyzed by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 and 21 different airborne pathogens, including influenza viruses. In total, 55 subjects tested positive for COVID-19, 9 tested positive for influenza, and 3 tested positive for both SARS-CoV-2 and the A/H3N2 influenza virus. The co-circulation of different viruses in the population requires strengthened surveillance that is no longer restricted to the winter months. Indeed, constant, year-long monitoring of the trends of these viruses is needed, especially in at-risk groups and elderly people.

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“…Despite some small studies have shown that there is not enough evidence to claim that influenza vaccination has no efficacy against Covid-19 during the beginning of the global pandemic before delta and omicron-variant[16][17][18], more studies conducted with a larger sample size suggested differently including studies conducted in Brazil[19], Turkey[20], Canada[21], Italy[22][23], and other states within the US[24][25][26]. A research group from Italy [22] has found that anti-pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations are associated with a lower positive test rate in younger group and even lower rate in elderly group using web-based survey data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They might take health-seeking choices, such as masking, social distancing, COVID-19 vaccination, or have routine health visits and follow doctor’s order and recommendation. Several Studies used survey data [22][24][27], but it might subject to selection bias and respondents are not representative of the real-world population regardless of the large sample size. In addition, many studies were conducted using data collected at the beginning of global pandemic in 2020 before other highly transmissible variants, such as delta variant, were introduced, and more studies using more recent data are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infection

Lee,

Liu,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundSome studies conducted before the Delta and Omicron variant-dominant periods have indicated that influenza vaccination provided protection against COVID-19 infection or hospitalization, but these results were limited by small study cohorts and a lack of comprehensive data on patient characteristics. No studies have examined this question during the Delta and Omicron periods (08/01/2021 to 2/22/2022).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of influenza-vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in the Corewell Health East(CHE, formerly known as Beaumont Health), Corewell Health West(CHW, formerly known as Spectrum Health) and Michigan Medicine (MM) healthcare system during the Delta-dominant and Omicron-dominant periods. We used a test-negative, case-control analysis to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine against hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 outcome in adults, while controlling for individual characteristics as well as pandameic severity and waning immunity of COVID-19 vaccine.ResultsThe influenza vaccination has shown to provided some protection against SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized outcome across three main healthcare systems. CHE site (odds ratio [OR]=0.73, vaccine effectiveness [VE]=27%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [18-35], p<0.001), CHW site (OR=0.85, VE=15%, 95% CI: [6-24], p<0.001), MM (OR=0.50, VE=50%, 95% CI: [40-58], p <0.001) and overall (OR=0.75, VE=25%, 95% CI: [20-30], p <0.001).ConclusionThe influenza vaccine provides a small degree of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection across our study sites.

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Association of dual COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccination with COVID-19 infection and disease severity

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Examining the effectiveness and duration of adjuvanted vs. non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines in protecting older adults against symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Examining the effectiveness and duration of adjuvanted vs. non‐adjuvanted influenza vaccines in protecting older adults against symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infection

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