Association of Dietary n3 and n6 Fatty Acids Intake with Hypertension: NHANES 2007–2014

Abstract

We conducted this cross-sectional study in the American general population to explore the association of dietary n3 and n6 fatty acids intake and the risk of hypertension. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014 in this study. We obtained dietary n3 and n6 fatty acids data through two 24 h dietary recall interviews and n3, n6 fatty acids intake were adjusted by weight. We defined hypertension as now taking prescribed medicine for hypertension or blood pressure above 130/80 mmHg. We applied binary logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline to evaluate the associations of dietary n3 and n6 fatty acids intake with hypertension. A total of 18,434 participants were included in this study. In the multivariate-adjusted model 2, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension were 0.58 (0.49–0.68), 0.53 (0.45–0.63), and 0.92 (0.80–1.06) for the highest versus the lowest tertile of dietary n3, n6 fatty acids intake and n6:n3 ratio, respectively. Further excluded participants with hypertension history, the ORs with 95% CI of newly diagnosed hypertension were 0.60 (0.50–0.73), 0.52 (0.43–0.62), and 0.95 (0.79–1.14) for the highest versus lowest tertile of dietary n3, n6 fatty acids intake and n6:n3 ratio, respectively. Dose-response analyses showed that the risk of hypertension was associated with dietary n3 and n6 fatty acids intake. Our study suggested that dietary n3 and n6 fatty acids intake were inversely associated with the risk of hypertension in US adults.

Associations of Dietary ω-3, ω-6 Fatty Acids Consumption with Sleep Disorders and Sleep Duration among Adults

“…Dietary ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids consumption was assessed by two 24 h dietary recall interviews. The detailed classification of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids is consistent with our previous work [ 41 ]. The daily consumption of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids was adjusted for energy intake [ 43 ].…”

“…We conducted this present cross-sectional study using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which is a continuous national survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics; data were released in 2 year cycles. More detailed information about NHANES has been described in previous studies [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Associations of n-3, n-6 Fatty Acids Intakes and n-6:n-3 Ratio with the Risk of Depressive Symptoms: NHANES 2009–2016

“…Dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids intake were assessed by two 24-h dietary recall interviews. The subtypes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in this study are consistent with our previous studies [36]. The daily average n-3 and n-6 fatty acids intake were adjusted by energy.…”

Association of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids intake with cognitive performance in older adults: National Health and nutrition examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014

“…Ultimately, in our analyses, octadecatrienoic acid (18: 3), octadecatetraenoic acid (18:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5), docosapentanoic acid (22:5), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) were included in ω-3 fatty acids, meanwhile octadecadienoic acid (18:2) and eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4) were included in ω-6 fatty acids [43]. The average daily ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids intake were calculated according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Dietary Study Food and Nutrition Database for Dietary Studies [44] and were adjusted to total energy.…”