Association of body mass index with mortality in cardiovascular disease: New insights into the obesity paradox from multiple perspectives

Xia, Jonathan Y.; Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M.; Khan, Sadiya S.

doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2018.08.006

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, in patients with a BMI classified as class II obesity, risk of cardiovascular mortality was increased [65]. Similar findings have been observed in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation [59,[66][67][68]. Although the obesity paradox can be confirmed in studies, it is necessary to keep in mind that morbid (III class) obesity is one of the dominant risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with worse prognosis when CVD symptoms become present [68].…”

Section: Obesity Paradoxsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Evidence has demonstrated that patients with excessive body mass may be in favor of better CVD prognosis when compared with normal BMI patients. This discovery has been named the "obesity paradox" [59,60]. This term refers to patients that despite having excessive body fat have a better prognosis compared with leaner patients [61].…”

Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aging also negatively affects the CV system, including cardiac remodeling and hemodynamic function. There are also other confounding factors like type of obesity, CVD duration or severity, age, smoking, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness that are heavily related to CVD prediction and may influence the relationship between body weight and mortality [59,71]. Furthermore, greater lean mass, which can be reflected in a higher BMI, is associated with better cardiorespiratory fitness levels.…”

Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the key strategies to treat cardiovascular disease is to adjust lifestyle habits and focus on the beneficial properties of exact nutrients [8,88]. The dietary risk seems to be a priority target for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment [59,89].…”

Section: Appropriate Diet In Cvd Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

et al. 2020

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Although cardiovascular disease and its risk factors have been widely studied and new methods of diagnosis and treatment have been developed and implemented, the morbidity and mortality levels are still rising-cardiovascular disease is responsible for more than four million deaths each year in Europe alone. Even though nutrition is classified as one of the main and changeable risk factors, the quality of the diet in the majority of people does not follow the recommendations essential for prevention of obesity and cardiovascular disease. It demonstrates the need for better nutritional education in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment, and the need to emphasize dietary components most relevant in cardiovascular disease. In our non-systematic review, we summarize the most recent knowledge about nutritional risk and prevention in cardiovascular disease and obesity.

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Section: Obesity Paradoxsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appropriate Diet In Cvd Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

et al. 2020

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“…showed that being overweight or obese had no adverse effects on mortality, although being underweight carried a high risk for mortality . Recent studies have revealed that obesity is protective factor for various diseases and associated mortality; researchers have called this phenomenon ‘the obesity paradox’ . In addition, the fact that overweight, obesity and even severe obesity did not lead to increased mortality in the present study may be explained by the population studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

The effect of low body mass index on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality

et al. 2019

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Background Sarcopenia may worsen disease progression and lead to poor outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives We aimed to determine the effect of BMI on the development of COPD and mortality. Methods We enrolled 437 584 participants registered in the physical health check‐up cohort database of the Korean National Health Interview Survey from 2002 to 2003, and we defined COPD diagnosis based on the ICD‐10 code and prescribed medication. BMI (kg m−2) classified them to five groups (low BMI < 18.5, normal BMI 18.5–23, overweight 23–25, obesity 25–30, severe obesity ≥30) at baseline. Results Participants in the low BMI group had a significantly higher rate of COPD development for 13 years (7.6%) than those in other groups (3.4–4.1%, P < 0.0001). Amongst never or light smokers, COPD development in the low BMI group (5.6–6.7%) was significantly higher than that in other groups (2.8–4.7%). Similarly, amongst participants with a smoking history of ≥30 years, COPD development in the low BMI group (20.1%) was higher than those in other groups (8.4–12.4%). On multivariable analysis, normal or higher than normal body weight was significantly protective against the development of COPD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.609–0.739,) compared to low BMI. COPD‐free‐survival (HR, 0.491–0.622) and overall survival (HR, 0.440–0.585) were also better in them compared to those with low BMI (all P < 0.0001). Conclusions Low BMI is an important risk factor for COPD development and mortality. Maintaining adequate body weight may reduce the risk for COPD development and mortality.

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Association of Body Mass Index in Midlife With Morbidity Burden in Older Adulthood and Longevity

et al. 2022

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Association of body mass index with mortality in cardiovascular disease: New insights into the obesity paradox from multiple perspectives

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

The effect of low body mass index on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality

Association of Body Mass Index in Midlife With Morbidity Burden in Older Adulthood and Longevity

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