Association of ApoE polymorphisms with prevalent hypertension in 1406 older adults: the Bambuí Health Aging Study (BHAS)

Fuzikawa, A.K.; Peixoto, Sérgio Viana; Taufer, Maristela; Moriguchi, Emílio Hideyuki; Lima‐Costa, Maria Fernanda

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2008000200002

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The combination of a relatively mild elevation in physiological indicators of vascular risk with a genetic risk factor is associated with poorer state of brain and cognition than would be expected. The observed synergy between genetic and physiological risks in explaining cognitive deficits is in accord with previous reports regarding APOE ε4 (De Frias et al, 2007; Elias et al, 2008; Fuzikawa, Peixoto, Taufer, Moriguchi, & Lima-Costa, 2008; Peila et al, 2001) and the met allele of BDNF val66met polymorphism (Raz et al, 2008). Thus, this finding is in accord with the growing evidence that “normal” should be viewed in the context of individual’s genetic predisposition (Raz, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the present study, we did not evaluate many markers of vascular risk previously shown to interact with APOE genotype in vascular risk and correlate with cognitive performance decrements, such as homocysteine (Elias et al, 2008), triglycerides (De Frias et al, 2007), or LDL cholesterol (Fuzikawa et al, 2008). In addition, according to some studies, APOE ε4 may be associated with increased hippocampal atrophy in older women, but not men (Cohen, Small, Lalonde, Friz, & Sunderland, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: The contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure

Bender¹,

Raz²

2012

Neuropsychologia

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Advanced age and vascular risk are associated with declines in the volumes of multiple brain regions, especially, the prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus. Older adults, even unencumbered by declining health, perform less well than their younger counterparts in multiple cognitive domains, such as episodic memory, executive functions, and speed of perceptual processing. Presence of a known genetic risk factor for cognitive decline and vascular disease, the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, accounts for some share of those declines; however, the extent of the joint contribution of genetic and physiological vascular risk factors on the aging brain and cognition is unclear. In a sample of healthy adults (age 19–77), we examined the effects of a vascular risk indicator (systolic blood pressure, SBP) and volumes of hippocampus (HC), lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), and prefrontal white matter (pFWM) on processing speed, working memory (WM), and recognition memory. Using path analyses, we modeled indirect effects of age, SBP, and brain volumes on processing speed, WM, and memory and compared the patterns of structural relations among those variables in APOE ε4 carriers and ε3 homozygotes. Among ε4 carriers, age differences in WM were explained by increase in SBP, reduced FWM volume, and slower processing. In contrast, lPFC and FWM volumes, but not BP, explained a share of age differnces in WM among ε3 homozygotes. Thus, even in healthy older carriers of the APOE ε4 allele, clinically unremarkable increase in vascular risk may be associated with reduced frontal volumes and impaired cognitive functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: The contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure

Bender¹,

Raz²

2012

Neuropsychologia

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“…The present study failed to demonstrate an association between APOE polymorphisms with blood pressure phenotypes and arterial stiffness. Corroborating some results of this study, Fuzikawa et al[49]studied 1406 Brazilian elderly individuals and found no association between APOE genotype and hypertension. Similarly, Carmo-Martins et al[50] studied 672 Portuguese subjects and failed to demonstrated an association with blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

APOE polymorphism is associated with lipid profile, but not with arterial stiffness in the general population

et al. 2010

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BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death and disability in developed countries. In most cases, the progress of CVD is influenced by environmental factors and multifactorial inheritance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between APOE genotypes, cardiovascular risk factors, and a non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness in the Brazilian population.MethodsA total of 1493 urban Brazilian individuals were randomly selected from the general population of the Vitoria City Metropolitan area. Genetic analysis of the APOE polymorphism was conducted by PCR-RFLP and pulse wave velocity analyzed with a noninvasive automatic device.ResultsAge, gender, body mass index, triglycerides, creatinine, uric acid, blood glucose, blood pressure phenotypes were no different between ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles. The ε4 allele was associated with higher total-cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p < 0.001), total-cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (p < 0.001), LDL/HDL-C ratio (p < 0.001), lower HDL-C values (p < 0.001) and higher risk to obesity (OR = 1.358, 95% CI = 1.019-1.811) and hyperuricemia (OR = 1.748, 95% CI = 1.170-2.611). Nevertheless, pulse wave velocity (p = 0.66) measures were no different between genotypes. The significant association between APOE genotypes and lipid levels persisted after a 5-year follow-up interval, but no interaction between time and genotype was observed for lipids longitudinal behavior.ConclusionThe ε4 allele of the APOE gene is associated with a worse lipid profile in the Brazilian urban population. In our relatively young sample, the observed effect of APOE genotype on lipid levels was not translated into significant effects in arterial wall stiffness.

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“…Some of these papers contained information about populations of non-distinct racial descent and thus they were considered as mixed populations. [19][20][21][22] Two initially identified studies were excluded, as they contained overlapping subsets of individuals with other studies already included. 22,23 Several studies were discarded because they did not report data that could be used in the analysis (that is, the genotypes, the E4 carriers or the E4 allele frequencies for the contrasts between cases and controls) or they did not report data for the control group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension: a meta-analysis of 45 studies including 13 940 cases and 16 364 controls

et al. 2012

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The apolipoprotein E single-nucleotide polymorphisms are among the potential candidate genes that may serve as modulators in susceptibility to essential hypertension. In an effort to clarify earlier inconclusive results, we performed a meta-analysis of population-based case-control genetic association studies. Random-effects methods were applied on summary data in order to combine the results of the individual studies. We identified in total 45 studies, including 13 940 hypertensive cases and 16 364 controls. The contrast of E4 carriers versus non-carriers yielded an overall odds ratio (OR) of 1.16 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.31), whereas the contrast of E4 allele versus the others in a subtotal of 6617 cases and 7330 controls, yielded an OR of 1.39 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.72). There was moderate evidence of publication bias in both contrasts, which was eliminated after excluding studies not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Subgroup analyses revealed that significant estimates arose from studies on Asian populations, as opposed to the Caucasian ones. Furthermore, no evidence of publication bias was demonstrated in the comparisons within this subgroup. Our results are consistent with recent meta-analyses but show that the association is weaker than that has been previously demonstrated. Further studies are needed in order to fully address questions about the etiological mechanism of the particular association, as well as to study the effect in populations of African descent.

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Association of ApoE polymorphisms with prevalent hypertension in 1406 older adults: the Bambuí Health Aging Study (BHAS)

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: The contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure

Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: The contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure

APOE polymorphism is associated with lipid profile, but not with arterial stiffness in the general population

The association between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension: a meta-analysis of 45 studies including 13 940 cases and 16 364 controls

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