Association Between the Use of Psychotropic Medications and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection Among Long-term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness in a New York State–wide Psychiatric Hospital System

Nemani, Katlyn; Williams, Sharifa Z.; Olfson, Mark; Leckman‐Westin, Emily; Finnerty, Molly; Kammer, Jammie; Smith, Thomas E.; Silverman, Daniel J.; Lindenmayer, Jean-Pierre; Capichioni, Gillian; Clelland, James D.; Goff, Donald C.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.10743

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…A recent study further suggested antipsychotic drugs might be inhibiting viral replication (Fred et al, 2022). A clinical trial found that second-generation antipsychotics was associated with decreased risk of COVID-19 infection in patients in the New York State–wide psychiatric hospital system (Nemani et al, 2022). Interestingly, though the decrease in risk of infection with CPZ (a first-generation antipsychotic) was not quite statistically significant, none of the 47 COVID-19 infected patients taking CPZ died of COVID-19 related causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-COVID-19 Activity of FDA Approved Drugs through RNA G-quadruplex Binding

Roy

Sharma

Rizvi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide. Limited treatment options and the threat from emerging variants underline the need for novel and widely accessible therapeutics. G-quadruplexes (G4s) are nucleic acid secondary structures known to affect many cellular processes including viral replication and transcription. We identified heretofore not reported G4s with remarkably low mutation frequency across >4 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes. The G4 structure was targeted using FDA approved drugs that can bind G4s - Chlorpromazine (CPZ) and Prochlorperazine (PCZ). We found significant inhibition in lung pathology and lung viral load of SARS-CoV-2 challenged hamsters when treated with CPZ, PCZ that was comparable to the widely used antiviral drug Remdesivir. In support, in vitro G4 binding, inhibition of reverse transcription from RNA isolated from COVID-infected humans, and attenuated viral replication and infectivity in vero cell cultures were clear in case of both CPZ/PCZ. Apart from the wide accessibility of CPZ/PCZ, targeting relatively invariant nucleic acid structures poses an attractive strategy against fast mutating viruses like SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-COVID-19 Activity of FDA Approved Drugs through RNA G-quadruplex Binding

Roy

Sharma

Rizvi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In addition, the latest studies also indicate the adverse events of psychotropic medications influencing the weakening of the immune system or the risk of developing dementia. Nemani et al [ 87 ] demonstrated that there is a link between the use of psychotropic medications and the increased risk of COVID-19 infection [ 87 ]. Concurrently, pre-COVID-19 psychotropic medication exposure was associated with a greater 1-year incidence of dementia after COVID-19 infection [ 88 ].…”

Section: The Influence Of the Covid-19 Pandemic On Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Psychobiotics to Ensure Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Current State of Knowledge

Zielińska

Karbowiak

Brzezicka

2022

IJERPH

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Psychobiotics are defined as probiotics, mainly of the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, that confer mental health benefits to the host when consumed in a particular quantity through the interaction with commensal gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, which means a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms harboring the gastrointestinal tract, communicates with the brain and vice versa through the brain–gut axis. The mechanisms of action of psychobiotics may be divided into four groups: synthesis of neurotransmitters and neurochemicals, regulation of the HPA axis, influence on the immune system, and synthesis of metabolites. Recent years showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected not only physical, but also mental health. Social isolation, fear of infection, the lack of adequate vaccine, disinformation, increased number of deaths, financial loss, quarantine, and lockdown are all factors can cause psychiatric problems. The aim of this review was to discuss the potential role of psychobiotic in light of the current problems, based on in vitro and in vivo studies, meta-analyses, clinical trials evidence, and registered studies assessing probiotics’ therapeutic administration in the prevention or treatment of symptoms or side effects of COVID-19.

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“…Some confirmation of their observations could come from an analysis of 2,087 mental health patients hospitalised in New York City hospitals in 2020. It showed that the use of atypical antipsychotics reduced the risk of COVID-19 infection, and paliperidone stood out in this regard (Nemani et al, 2022). Despite these encouraging insights, it seems that further exploration of the issue is needed.…”

Section: Atypical Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical experiences with VPA are inconclusive. Regarding the effect on the incidence of COVID-19 infection, the aforementioned New York study assessed valproate as increasing the risk of COVID-19 infection (Nemani et al, 2022). In contrast, Spanish researchers report a significantly lower percentage of morbidity and hospitalisation due to COVID-19 in patients using VPA (Moreno-Perez et al, 2022).…”

Section: Valproatementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of psychotropic drugs on the occurrence and course of COVID-19

Rybakowski¹

2022

fpn

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fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), while other antidepressant drugs can diminish the risk of intubation or death. SSRI drugs act therapeutically in post-covid depression. Antiviral effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol were not confirmed in clinical observations. The use of long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic drugs may decrease the risk of infection. Despite the evidence of antiviral action of lithium -against herpes in clinical studies and against coronaviruses in experimental papers, the current data on the effect of lithium on the occurrence and course of COVID-19 infection do not allow firm conclusions. Also, the data on the use of valproate is equivocal despite propitious theoretical premises. In the article, the potential of other drugs used in psychiatric therapeutics such as amantadine, disulfiram, hydroxyzine, cannabidiol, melatonin, and memantine was discussed. Conclusions. Drugs acting therapeutically on the course of COVID-19 may include fluvoxamine and other antidepressants. A favourable effect of lithium on the occurrence and course of COVID-19 infection has not been unambiguously demonstrated despite previous numerous data on the drug's antiviral activity. StreSzczenieCel. Przedstawienie aktualnych danych eksperymentalnych i klinicznych dotyczących stosowania leków psychotropowych u chorych z infekcją COVID-19. Przegląd piśmiennictwa. Przegląd obejmuje piśmiennictwo z lat 2020-2022 dotyczące wpływu leków Review article / Artykuł poglądowyThe effect of psychotropic drugs on the occurrence and course of COVID-19 Wpływ leków psychotropowych na występowanie i przebieg

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Association Between the Use of Psychotropic Medications and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection Among Long-term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness in a New York State–wide Psychiatric Hospital System

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Anti-COVID-19 Activity of FDA Approved Drugs through RNA G-quadruplex Binding

Anti-COVID-19 Activity of FDA Approved Drugs through RNA G-quadruplex Binding

The Role of Psychobiotics to Ensure Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Current State of Knowledge

The effect of psychotropic drugs on the occurrence and course of COVID-19

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