Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Fu, Jialei; Tan, Li-Juan; Lee, Jung Eun; Shin, Sangah

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.946361

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…6 Although the list of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia has increased from seven in 2014 to 12 in 2020, the list is not necessarily exhaustive. Other factors, such as sleep disorders, 28 uncorrected visual impairment, 29 insufficient diet, 30 and transportation noise, 31 are also reported to be associated with increased dementia risk, and more risk factors may be added to the list in the future.…”

Section: Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for prevention of dementia in Denmark

Jørgensen

Nielsen

et al. 2023

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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IntroductionAccording to previous estimates, 40% of dementia cases globally may be attributed to 12 potentially modifiable risk factors.MethodsWe calculated national population attributable fractions (PAFs) for each risk factor and modeled the effects of proportional reductions in risk factor prevalence on dementia prevalence by calculating potential impact fractions (PIFs) for each factor.ResultsThe overall adjusted PAF for all risk factors was 35.2%. Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity accounted for 64% of the total prevention potential. The overall adjusted PIF was 4.1% at 10% risk factor prevalence reduction and 8.1% at 20% risk factor reduction.DiscussionEstimates of the potential for the prevention of dementia should be based on country‐specific data on risk factor prevalence, as estimates based on global risk factor prevalence have limited relevance from a national perspective. Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity could be primary targets for prevention of dementia in Denmark.Highlights Overall adjusted PAF for potentially modifiable dementia risk factors was 35%. Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity had the largest prevention potential. Estimates of prevention potential should be based on national risk factor prevalence.

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Section: Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for prevention of dementia in Denmark

Jørgensen

Nielsen

et al. 2023

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…Meta-analyses show conflicting results (Table 1), high adherence to MediDiet appears to be associated with a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease [4,5 ▪▪ ], and improvement in both working and episodic memory [5 ▪▪ ]. However, some recent meta-analyses have found no effect on global cognition and attention [5 ▪▪ ] and no significant association with MCI or Alzheimer's disease [6].…”

Section: Diet Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nutrition in the prevention of cognitive decline

Charbit,

Vidal,

Hanon

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Dementia is a growing concern and underscores the urgent need for effective preventive measures targeting modifiable risk factors. Nutrition is a key player in the onset and progression of inflammation and cognitive decline. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of different dietary patterns, vitamins and nutrients for preventing cognitive decline, mainly among healthy individuals and those with mild cognitive impairment. Recent findings The Mediterranean diet, omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins are the most investigated, with evidence supporting protection against cognitive decline among older adults varying across studies. More recent interventions examined in this review, such as MIND Diet, are promising with positive results, but further research is needed to conclusively establish their efficacy. It is also crucial to consider complete lifestyle as physical activity for preventing cognitive decline. Summary Definitive conclusions are difficult to draw. Future studies should adopt a comprehensive approach and focus on multinutrient strategies and whole diets.

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“…In prospective cohort studies, adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with reduced mortality, especially cardiovascular mortality, thus contributing to increased longevity. In addition, the MedDiet has been associated with slower progression of age‐related cognitive decline [121] and lower risk of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease [122]. The MIND diet (Mediterranean‐DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay)—a hybrid of the MedDiet and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet—has been consistently associated with a decreased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in large cohort studies [123].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective

2023

J Intern Med

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In recent decades, global life expectancies have risen significantly, accompanied by a marked increase in chronic diseases and population aging. This narrative review aims to summarize recent findings on the dietary factors influencing chronic diseases and longevity, primarily from large cohort studies. First, maintaining a healthy weight throughout life is pivotal for healthy aging and longevity, mirroring the benefits of lifelong, moderate calorie restriction in today's obesogenic food environment. Second, the specific types or food sources of dietary fat, protein, and carbohydrates are more important in influencing chronic disease risk and mortality than their quantity. Third, some traditional diets (e.g., the Mediterranean, Nordic, and Okinawa) and contemporary dietary patterns, such as healthy plant‐based diet index, the DASH (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet, and alternate healthy eating index, have been associated with lower mortality and healthy longevity. These patterns share many common components (e.g., a predominance of nutrient‐rich plant foods; limited red and processed meats; culinary herbs and spices prevalent in global cuisines) while embracing distinct elements from different cultures. Fourth, combining a healthy diet with other lifestyle factors could extend disease‐free life expectancies by 8–10 years. While adhering to core principles of healthy diets, it is crucial to adapt dietary recommendations to individual preferences and cultures as well as nutritional needs of aging populations. Public health strategies should aim to create a healthier food environment where nutritious options are readily accessible, especially in public institutions and care facilities for the elderly. Although further mechanistic studies and human trials are needed to better understand molecular effects of diet on aging, there is a pressing need to establish and maintain long‐term cohorts studying diet and aging in culturally diverse populations.

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Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 83 publications

Potential for prevention of dementia in Denmark

Potential for prevention of dementia in Denmark

The role of nutrition in the prevention of cognitive decline

Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective

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