Association between the eruption of the third molar and caries and periodontitis distal to the second molars in elderly patients

Abstract

The objective of this study was to verify whether caries and periodontal diseases, when present on the distal surface of the second molars (M2s), are associated with the eruption of the third molars (M3s). In this split-mouth study, we evaluated 70 elderly patients with unilateral maxillary or mandibular M3s who presented to the outpatient clinics of two hospitals. Patients underwent comprehensive oral examinations and radiographical measurements, and we assessed the outcomes of periodontal disease and caries. Periodontal measurements included plaque index, bleeding on probing, and periodontal probing pocket depth (PD). Moreover, caries were assessed through visual-tactile examination and radiography. We performed the χ test to determine factors associated with M3 and non-M3 outcomes. Eighty-one unilateral erupted M3s were observed in the study patients. Both the distobuccal region (p<0.0001) and the distolingual region (p=0.006) had a higher PD on the nonextraction side than the extraction side, and the caries rate was significantly higher on the nonextraction side than on the extraction side (p <0.0001 on M2 with caries and p=0.003 on M2 with distal caries). M3 eruption, at the same or different occlusal plane levels of M2, is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and caries in M2s in elderly patients. M3s may continue to negatively impact dental health well into later life.

Impacts of non‐impacted third molar removal on the periodontal condition of adjacent second molars

“…Along with the attention paid to the negative impacts of asymptomatic I‐M3s on oral health, the influence of N‐M3s on the health of neighboring teeth has also gained increasing attention from dentists in recent years (Chou, Ho, Ho, Wang, & Hu, 2017; Li, Qu, Zhou, Tian, & Chen, 2017; Li, Qu, Zhou, Tian, Gao, et al, 2017). Based on previous data, the presence of N‐M3s may increase the risk of pathology in M2s; specifically, the risk of periodontal damage in M2s with the presence of N‐M3s was found to be 1.45–6.79 times higher than that of M2s without neighboring M3s (Kindler et al, 2018; Li, Qu, Zhou, Tian, & Chen, 2017; Li, Qu, Zhou, Tian, Gao, et al, 2017; Nunn et al, 2013; Qu et al, 2017).…”

“…Although the retention of N‐M3s has a negative effect on adjacent teeth, whether it is necessary to extract N‐M3s before damage occurs remains ambiguous (Chou et al, 2017; Li, Qu, Zhou, Tian, & Chen, 2017). Until now, we did not know how the removal of N‐M3s affects their neighbors in terms of periodontal condition.…”

Evaluation of the Third Molars in Middle Aged and Older İndividuals

“…Genelde yaşlı bireylerde, ikinci molar diş ile aynı okluzal planda sürmüş ÜMD'ler, normal fonksiyonunu yerine getirse de, özellikle ikinci molar dişte periodontal veya dental problemlere neden olabilmektedir. 4 Nunn ve ark. 24 416 bireyin değerlendirildiği çalışmalarında, ÜMD'lerin, özellikle orta yaş ve üzerindeki erkeklerde ikinci molar dişte patoloji oluşma riskini artırdığını bildirmişler.…”

Anatomia e considerações clínicas dos Terceiros Molares Inclusos: Uma Revisão de Literatura / Anatomy and clinical considerations of the included third molars: A Literature Review

“…Status de erupção, posição e angulação têm impacto sobre esses sintomas. A decisão de remover ou não um terceiro molar inferior é provavelmente uma das decisões de tratamento mais frequentes na profissão odontológica (CHOU et al, 2017;SINGH et al, 2016). V.13, N. 47 p. 823-835, Outubro/2019 -ISSN 1981-1179 Edição eletrônica em http://idonline.emnuvens.com.br/id Essa diretriz recomendou que a prática de remoção profilática de terceiros molares impactados, sem patologia, fosse descontinuada e sugeriu indicações para a extração cirúrgica da seguinte forma: pericoronite recorrente, celulite, abscesso, osteomielite, doença de folículos, incluindo cistos e tumores, cárie não restaurável, patologia pulpar e/ou periapical intratável, reabsorção interna/externa de dentes adjacentes, fratura de dente, uma cirurgia de impedimento de dente ou cirurgia reconstrutiva da mandíbula e um dente envolvido no ou dentro do campo do tumor ressecção (FAN et al, 2015;KARASAWA et al, 2013;SIDLAUSKAS;TRAKINIENE, 2006;ZAWAWI;MELIS, 2014).…”

“…Atualmente, existem duas formas distintas para classificar os terceiros molares inclusos, uma relacionada à profundidade de inclusão deste dente, e outra relacionada à inclusão dentro Edição eletrônica em http://idonline.emnuvens.com.br/id do ramo mandibular (CHOU et al, 2017;YILMAZ et al, 2016). Sendo a primeira classificação a comparação da altura da face oclusal do terceiro molar em relação à oclusal e cervical do segundo molar que serviu como ponto de referência (YILMAZ et al, 2016).…”