The purpose of this study was to determine variations in the vertical height measurements in the edentulous maxilla and mandible, and to assess positions of the maxillary sinus, mandibular foramen, and the mandibular canal, which are important for implant length selection and planning using panoramic radiographs. The study sample included 346 edentulous alveolar ridges of 90 men and 83 women. Sixty-three dentate patients' panoramic radiographs were used for location of the first premolar and molar area. Panoramic radiographs were made with a Siemens Orthophos panoramic machine which had been standardized previously. All radiographs were made using a standardized manner by the same technician. Fourteen sites were measured on every panoramic radiograph whenever possible, eight sites in the maxilla and six sites in the mandible. Correlation analyses were performed between age groups and all measurements to determine if age is significant as a covariate. In order to examine the effect of gender the statistical analysis of differences between men and women was performed with Student t-test. The 5% significance level was used for statistical significancy. The height of the maxilla and the mandible in the anterior, first premolar, and first molar regions were significantly greater in men than in women. A majority of the most inferior border of the maxillary sinuses was located anterior to the first molar area (premolar regions) both in men (48.9%) and women (55.4%). Although, there was no statistically significant difference between edentulous men and women for the vertical distances from the mental foramen to the alveolar crest, and horizontal distances from mental foramen to midline, there were statistically significant differences between edentulous men and edentulous women for the vertical distances from the upper border of the mandibular canal to the alveolar crest in the first molar area. Mental foramens were located at the crest of the ridge in 7.2% of the edentulous women, and 6.7% of the edentulous men. The results of this study may guide clinicians to make primer decision of implant insertion area for implant supported prosthesis in edentulous patients.
The presence of an unerupted supernumerary tooth, or tooth bud between the 2 central incisors or as unilateral or bilateral teeth in the midline of the maxilla was noted as mesiodens on radiographs. Eighty-five cases of mesiodens in 69 patients were found. Complete documentation, including radiographs, for these 69 patients were studied and analyzed. In addition to gender and age, the following information about the mesiodens was recorded: 1) number; 2) shape; 3) position; 4) complications caused by the mesiodens; 5) treatment. Of the 69 patients, the ratio of boys (47 cases) to girls (22 cases) was 2.1:1. Fifty-three (76.8%) of the children had 1 mesiodens, and 16 (23.1%) had 2 mesiodentes bilaterally to the midline. Of the 85 mesiodentes, 67 (78.8%) were fully impacted, 6 (7%) were partially erupted, and 12 (14.1%) were fully erupted. Most of the mesiodentes (55.2%) were found in the vertical position, followed by inverted position (37.6%), and horizontal position (7%). The main complications were delayed eruption of the permanent incisors (38.8%), maxillary midline diastema (17.6%), axial rotation or inclination of erupted permanent incisors (16.4%), and resorption of the adjacent teeth (4.7%) The prevelance of mesiodens has been estimated to be 0.15% to 2
The dental and periodontal health is poor in HD patients and becomes worse with time on dialysis. Thus, oral health maintenance is of utmost importance in this patient group.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of dens invaginatus and to classify the types of dens invaginatus in a sample of the Turkish population..
Study Design: A retrospective study was performed using periapical and panoramic radiographs of 5355 patients who presented to the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology at the Ondokuz Mayıs University Dentistry Faculty between January 2009 and December 2010. Maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were evaluated for the presence and characteristics of dens invaginatus. Statistical evaluation of the presence of dens invaginatus related to gender was performed by the Pearson chi-squared test.
Results: Dens invaginatus was observed in 116 of 4556 subjects, with a frequency of 2.5%. There was only one periapical lesion in teeth with type I dens invaginatus, but 8.1% of patients with type II and 87.5% of patients with type III dens invaginatus had apical periodontitis at the time of referral. There were 116 (72%) females and 32 (27%) males with dens invaginatus.
Conclusion: This data represents the only study carried out in a large population in Turkey, and no dens invaginatus was found in mandibular teeth. The most commonly observed type of dens invaginatus was type I (69.8%).
Key words:Dens invaginatus, dens in dente, dental anomaly, Turkish.
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