Association between renal failure and red blood cell alloimmunization among newly transfused patients

Abstract

Background Renal failure and renal replacement therapy (RRT) affect the immune system and could therefore modulate red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization after transfusion. Study Design and Methods We performed a nationwide multicenter case‐control study within a source population of newly transfused patients between 2005 and 2015. Using conditional multivariate logistic regression, we compared first‐time transfusion‐induced RBC alloantibody formers (N = 505) with two nonalloimmunized recipients with similar transfusion burden (N = 1010). Results Renal failure was observed in 17% of the control and 13% of the case patients. A total of 41% of the control patients and 34% of case patients underwent acute RRT. Renal failure without RRT was associated with lower alloimmunization risks after blood transfusion (moderate renal failure: adjusted relative rate [RR], 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67‐1.01]); severe renal failure, adjusted RR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.55‐1.05]). With severe renal failure patients mainly receiving RRT, the lowest alloimmunization risk was found in particularly these patients [adjusted RR 0.48 (95% CI 0.39‐0.58)]. This was similar for patients receiving RRT for acute or chronic renal failure (adjusted RR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.46‐0.75]); and adjusted RR, 0.62 [95% CI 0.45‐0.88], respectively). Conclusion These findings are indicative of a weakened humoral response in acute as well as chronic renal failure, which appeared to be most pronounced when treated with RRT. Future research should focus on how renal failure and RRT mechanistically modulate RBC alloimmunization.

Speckle Noise Algorithm-Based Ultrasound Imaging in Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Blood Purification on Children with Kidney Failure and Analysis of Its Correlation with Serum Inflammatory Factor Levels

“…After the algorithms were applied to ultrasound images of renal failure, it was noted that the image noise and artifacts were significantly reduced versus the original image after being processed by the four algorithms, and the image quality was improved. Of the four algorithms, the algorithm in this study demonstrated the best denoising effects, with higher definition and less noise and artifacts [ 24 ].…”

Efficacy Evaluation of Ultrasound with Active Contour Model for Hemodialysis in Children with Renal Failure

“…Renal failure is one of the critical pediatric diseases, often accompanied by multiple organ failure, which causes great physical harm to patients. At present, the age of patients with renal failure in China is gradually getting younger, and the incidence of renal failure in children is also increasing [ 23 ]. The commonly used clinical treatment is hemodialysis.…”

“…Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine and the incidence of renal failure in children is also increasing [23]. The commonly used clinical treatment is hemodialysis.…”

The effect of extended c, E and K matching in females under 45 years of age on the incidence of transfusion‐induced red blood cell alloimmunisation

“…As the present study reports absolute alloimmunisation incidences for the overall transfused population, the net benefit of extended matching for the individual female patient will also depend on immunomodulating conditions present, of which some diminish and others increase alloimmunisation risks. 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 Thus, the presented absolute risk reductions should be only extrapolated when taking the specific clinical context of the patient into account.…”