Association between previously diagnosed circulatory conditions and a dietary inflammatory index

Abstract

Inflammation is a key contributor to the development or recurrence of circulatory disorders. Diet is a strong modifier of inflammation. It was hypothesized that more pro-inflammatory diets, as indicated by higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores, would be associated with self-reported previously diagnosed circulatory disorders using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. This analysis included NHANES respondents from 2005–2010 (n=15,693). The DII was calculated from micro and macronutrients derived from a single 24-hour recall. Logistic regression, stratified by sex and adjusted for important covariates, was used to determine the odds of previous circulatory disorder diagnoses by quartile of DII scores. Excluding hypertension, which had a prevalence of 30%, the prevalence of any circulatory disorder was 8%. Those in DII quartile 4 were 1.30 (95%CI=1.06–1.58) times more likely to have a previous circulatory disorder (excluding hypertension) compared to those in DII quartile 1. Similar findings were observed for specific CVDs including congestive heart failure, stroke, and heart attack. Participants in DII quartile 4 were more likely to have a diagnosis of hypertension compared to those in DII quartile 1 (prevalence odds ratio=1.19, 95%CI=1.05–1.34). Results tended to be stronger among females. Individuals with a previous circulatory disorder diagnosis from NHANES appear to have more pro-inflammatory diets compared to those without a previous diagnosis. Because inflammation is an important factor related to recurrence of circulatory disorders, the DII could be used in treatment programs to monitor dietary modulators of inflammation among individuals with these conditions.

Dietary Inflammatory Index is Associated with Excessive Body Weight and Dietary Patterns in Subjects with Cardiometabolic Risk

“…As limitations, we used a 24-hour recall, which does not reflect a habitual intake. However, this method has been used thoroughly with success in other epidemiologic studies [60,61], including DII analyses [1,45,46,54,58,62,63]. Although we were able to compute the DII from only 19 of the 45 potential items of food and nutrients that could be used to calculate this index, other published studies also derive DII scores from a sub-optimal number of items, and the ability to still detect significant associations suggests that this has only caused to a potential underestimated of the associations [1,52,58,64,65].…”

Predictors of Retention Among African Americans in a Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Healthy Eating and Active Living in the Spirit (HEALS) Intervention

“…Variable selection began as a series of bivariate analyses (ie, exposure + potential covariate) where covariates with a P≤.20 were added to a "full" model. [25][26][27] The covariates that were entered into the first model (full model) were age, BMI, intervention group, distance to data collection site, partner status, depression symptoms, and employment status. Backward elimination procedures were used to develop "final" models that included all covariates that were statistically significant (P<.05) The Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) was also performed to assess the difference between models as variables were removed.…”

The Dietary Inflammatory Index, shift work, and depression: Results from NHANES.

“…Additionally, analyses examining DII scores and depression were stratified by gender. Previously, it was found that men have higher DII scores than women (Wirth, Shivappa, Hurley, & Hebert, 2016). Also, women experience more depressive symptoms than men (Grigoriadis & Robinson, 2007).…”