Association between parent and child weight status among private school children in Delhi, India

Greene-Cramer, Blanche; Harrell, Melissa B.; Hoelscher, Deanna M.; Sharma, Shreela V.; Ranjit, Nalini; Gupta, V. K.; Nazar, Gaurang P.; Arora, Monika

doi:10.1177/1757975916658002

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Children with obese and abdominal obese parents had significantly higher odds of having excess weight, obesity, abdominal obesity and elevated BP. These results are consistent with some previous studies [ 8 , 9 , 12 , 24 – 26 ]. A recent study on a large international sample from 12 countries reported positive associations between parental and child overweight as well as between parental education and child overweight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Although we did not analyze the relationship between parental and child weight status separately for mothers and fathers, some of previous studies reported that maternal adiposity correlated more strongly with children weight status than paternal adiposity [ 26 , 27 , 29 ]. However, it is shown that correlation between overweight/obese children-father pairs (odds ratio: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.5–6.8) was stronger than that of overweight/obese children mother pairs (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–3.9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of parental obesity with cardiometabolic risk factors in their children: The CASPIAN-V study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe family environment has a crucial role in the development of childhood obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders. This study aims to investigate the association of parental obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in their children.MethodsThis multicentric cross-sectional study was performed on 14400 students (aged 7–18 years) and one of their parents. Students were recruited by multistage, stratified cluster sampling from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Fasting venous blood was obtained from a random sample of 4200 students. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were collected.ResultsData of 14002 students and results of blood samples of 3483 of them were complete and included in the current study. The prevalence of obesity in children, fathers, and mothers was 11.4%, 10.6%, and 24.2%, respectively. In students, the most commonly observed metabolic abnormality was low HDL-C (29.5%); the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia was 5% and 55.7%, respectively. Significant correlations were observed between the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference of parents and weight, height, BMI, and waist circumference, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) of their children (P< 0.05). In the multivariate model, the risk of excess weight (OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.17–1.44), obesity (OR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.18–1.59), abdominal obesity (OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.05–1.29) and elevated BP (OR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.31) were higher in those students whose parents had excess weight compared with other students. Parental obesity did not have significant association with metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in their children.ConclusionsParental history of obesity could be used as a practical approach for the early preventive measures and identification of children at risk of cardiometabolic complications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of parental obesity with cardiometabolic risk factors in their children: The CASPIAN-V study

et al. 2018

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“…In contrast, placenta from obese women with a male fetus contain increased amounts of carbonyls and nitrotyrosine, and as a potential compensatory mechanism, these placenta have elevations in glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase activity. The collective findings from this latter study reveal that the placenta of males derived from lean mothers possess the greatest antioxidant activity, but such protective responses are abolished with maternal obesity, which may account for later adverse outcomes in sons, in particular those born to obese mothers (Bridgman et al, 2018; Greene‐Cramer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The placenta‐brain‐axis

Rosenfeld

2020

J of Neuroscience Research

146

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All mammalian species depend on the placenta, a transient organ, for exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between the mother and conceptus. Besides serving as a conduit for such exchanges, the placenta produces hormones and other factors that influence maternal physiology and fetal development. To meet all of these adaptations, the placenta has evolved to become the most structurally diverse organ within all mammalian taxa. However, commonalities exist as to how placental responses promote survival against in utero threats and can alter the trajectory of fetal development, in particular the brain. Increasing evidence suggests that reactions of the placenta to various in utero stressors may lead to long‐standing health outcomes, otherwise considered developmental origin of health and disease effects. Besides transferring nutrients and gases, the placenta produces neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine/epinephrine, that may circulate and influence brain development. Neurobehavioral disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, likely trace their origins back to placental disturbances. This intimate relationship between the placenta and brain has led to coinage of the term, the placenta‐brain‐axis. This axis will be the focus herein, including how conceptus sex might influence it, and technologies employed to parse out the effects of placental‐specific transcript expression changes on later neurobehavioral disorders. Ultimately, the placenta might provide a historical record of in utero threats the fetus confronted and a roadmap to understand how placenta responses to such encounters impacts the placental‐brain‐axis. Improved early diagnostic and preventative approaches may thereby be designed to mitigate such placental disruptions.

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“…There is no conclusive evidence that parents contribute equally to the risk of childhood overweight or obesity,35 although some studies suggest the maternal impact to be greater than the paternal. An Indian family study found only the maternal weight to be associated with child weight 36. Likewise, a Finnish study of 4788 mother–father–child trios found that maternal weight gain ≥8 kg was a significant predictor of adolescent overweight in both offspring genders 14.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of parental lifestyle changes and education level on adolescent offspring weight: a population based cohort study - The HUNT Study, Norway

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveObesity tends to cluster in families reflecting both common genetics and shared lifestyle patterns within the family environment. The aim of this study was to examine whether parental lifestyle changes over time, exemplified by changes in weight and physical activity, could affect offspring weight in adolescents and if parental education level influenced the relationship.Design, setting and participantsThe population-based cohort study included 4424 parent-offspring participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Norway. Exposition was parental change in weight and physical activity over 11 years, and outcome was offspring weight measured in z-scores of body mass index (BMI) in mixed linear models.ResultsMaternal weight reduction by 2–6 kg was significantly associated with lower offspring BMI z-scores: −0.132 (95% CI −0.259 to −0.004) in the model adjusted for education. Parental weight change displayed similar effect patterns on offspring weight regardless of parents’ education level. Further, BMI was consistently lower in families of high education compared with low education in the fully adjusted models. In mothers, reduced physical activity level over time was associated with higher BMI z-scores in offspring: 0.159 (95% CI 0.030 to 0.288). Associations between physical activity change and adolescent BMI was not moderated by parental education levels.ConclusionLifestyle changes in mothers were associated with offspring BMI; reduced weight with lower—and reduced physical activity with higher BMI. Father’s lifestyle changes, however, did not significantly affect adolescent offspring’s weight. Overall, patterns of association between parental changes and offspring’s BMI were independent of parental education levels, though adolescents with parents with high education had lower weight in general.

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Association between parent and child weight status among private school children in Delhi, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Association of parental obesity with cardiometabolic risk factors in their children: The CASPIAN-V study

Association of parental obesity with cardiometabolic risk factors in their children: The CASPIAN-V study

The placenta‐brain‐axis

Implications of parental lifestyle changes and education level on adolescent offspring weight: a population based cohort study - The HUNT Study, Norway

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