Association between Obesity and Cancer Incidence in the Population of the District Sumperk, Czech Republic

Abstract

Excess body weight was shown to be associated with risk of several types of cancer. In the Czech Republic, malignant tumors are the second leading cause of death. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the most frequent types of cancer and obesity. Methods: A case-control study was accomplished, using data from the National Cancer Registry and from a preventive oncologic checkup database. Cases were defined as persons from the studied population who developed skin, breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, cervical, endometrial, kidney, ovarian, urinary bladder, stomach, pancreatic, or gallbladder cancers from 1987 to 2002. Controls were cancer-free men and women from the population. Among the cancer patients and healthy controls, proportions of obese, overweight, and nonobese individuals were compared, and odds ratios (OR) were computed. Results: After adjustment for confounders, obese men had a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.56-2.76) and kidney cancer (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.14-3.24). Obese women were at higher risk of endometrial cancer (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.65-6.37). An inverse association was observed between obesity and lung cancer (in men: OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.37-0.66; in women: OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21-0.80). Conclusion: Obesity is associated with several frequent types of tumors and represents an important preventable cause of cancer in the population of the District Sumperk, Czech Republic.

Body mass index and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer: cumulative evidence from prospective studies

“…In another hospital-based study of 528 BCC40, women in the fourth quartile of BMI had a 34% (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.35–1.22) non-significantly lower risk of BCC as compared with women in the first quartile, whereas the corresponding OR for men was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.58–1.63). In a population-based case-control study of 1276 NMSC41, obesity was associated with a non-significant increase in risk of NMSC in men (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.94–1.64); conversely, a trend towards reduced risk was found in women (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62–1.01).…”

Body Size Indicators and Risk of Gallbladder Cancer: Pooled Analysis of Individual-Level Data from 19 Prospective Cohort Studies

“…Studies regarding BMI and gallbladder cancer risk have been generally hampered by small numbers of outcomes and the related issues of limited statistical power and imprecise risk estimates: of the 12 prospective cohort studies on this topic in the literature (11–13, 15–17, 21–26), six identified fewer than 100 cases (11, 12, 17, 22, 23, 25) and while most studies reported HRs above one, many studies were not statistically significant (11, 12, 15, 23, 25). With data from 567 gallbladder cancer cases, this study makes an important contribution toward confirming the association between high BMI and this rare and highly fatal cancer.…”

Overweight, obesity and the risk of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancers: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

“…After full-text review of the remaining 31 studies, two studies were excluded because one study did not report RR with the corresponding 95% CI and the other study did not provide sufficient data to calculate them. Thus, 14 (7,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47) cohort studies and 15 (19,(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61) case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis.…”